Table 2.

Association of WMHV, EXT-WMHV and BI with incident stroke, dementia and mortality

		Hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) for incident
		Stroke	p	Dementia	p	Death	p
N events / sample size		32 / 2177		11 / 2013		97 / 2208
WMHV	Model 1	1.33 (0.94–1.88)	0.113	2.18 (1.33–3.58)	0.002	1.43 (1.18–1.73)	0.001
	Model 2	1.33 (0.93–1.90)	0.120	2.22 (1.32–3.72)	0.003	1.38 (1.13–1.69)	0.002
	Model 3	-	-	2.24 (1.31–3.77)	0.002	1.27 (1.03–1.57)	0.025
	Model 4*	1.23 (0.86–1.75)	0.257	1.97 (1.16–3.35)	0.012	1.38 (1.13–1.68)	0.002
EXT-WMHV	Model 1	2.33 (1.04–5.21)	0.040	4.02 (1.13–14.32)	0.032	2.31 (1.45–3.67)	0.001
	Model 2	2.28 (1.02–5.13)	0.046	3.97 (1.10–14.30)	0.035	2.27 (1.41–3.65)	<0.001
	Model 3	-	-	2.07 (1.35–19.00)	0.016	1.77 (1.05–2.98)	0.031
	Model 4*	1.96 (0.86–4.46)	0.108	2.75 (0.74–10.19)	0.130	2.13 (1.33–3.43)	0.002
BI	Model 1	3.06 (1.44–6.51)	0.004	6.31 (1.88–21.18)	0.003	1.73 (1.08–2.78)	0.024
	Model 2	2.84 (1.32–6.10)	0.008	6.12 (1.82–20.54)	0.003	1.53 (0.94–2.48)	0.087
	Model 3	-	-	8.97 (2.39–33.72)	0.001	1.54 (0.91–2.60)	0.104
	Model 4†	2.80 (1.29–6.06)	0.009	4.55 (1.33–15.56)	0.016	1.40 (0.85–2.30)	0.183

WMHV: natural log from ratio of WMHV over total intracranial volume; EXT-WMHV: extensive WMHV; BI: MRI-defined Brain Infarcts; Model 1: Cox regression adjusted for age and sex; Model 2: Model 1 additionally adjusted for systolic blood pressure, current smoking, diabetes, history of cerebrovascular disease; Model 3: Model 1 additionally adjusted for interim stroke and excluding prevalent stroke (for dementia) or for interim stroke and dementia and excluding prevalent stroke and dementia (for death); Model 4: Model 1 additionally adjusted for BI^* or WMHV^†.