Table 4.
Factors | Unadjusted odds ratio (95% CI) | Adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) |
---|---|---|
WHO criteria | 2.20 (1.74 to 2.79)** | 1.67 (1.28 to 2.17)** |
Meningo-encephalopathy | 1.84 (1.28 to 2.64)** | |
Malaria with shock | 0.59 (0.34 to 1.00) | |
Very severe pneumonia | 2.16 (1.67 to 2.81)** | |
Severe pneumonia | 1.85 (1.25 to 2.74)** | |
Non-severe pneumonia | 0.98 (0.75 to 1.28) | |
Septicaemia | 5.58 (3.92 to 7.96)** | |
Severe acute malnutrition | 1.72 (0.72 to 4.13) | |
HIV positive | 2.38 (1.54 to 3.68)** | 1.47 (0.91 to 2.35) |
Axillary temperature >38°C | 1.34 (1.07 to 1.67)* | 1.44 (1.13 to 1.84)** |
Prostration† | 1.42 (1.03 to 1.95)* | 1.01 (0.65 to 1.55) |
Shock | 1.14 (0.69 to 1.88) | 0.90 (0.50 to 1.60) |
Haemoglobin <5 g/dl | 1.43 (1.08 to 1.89)* | 1.56 (1.13 to 2.14)** |
Glucose <2.5 mmol/l | 2.33 (1.44 to 3.75)** | 2.46 (1.39 to 4.35)** |
Lactate >5 mmol/l | 1.46 (1.07 to 1.99)* | |
Slide positive | 0.24 (0.19 to 0.30)** | |
RDT positive, slide negative‡ | 2.90 (2.24 to 3.75)** | 1.29 (0.95 to 1.75) |
Slide positive <5000/μl | 0.84 (0.58 to 1.23) | 0.55 (0.36 to 0.84)** |
Slide positive 5000-50 000/μl | 0.27 (0.19 to 0.40)** | 0.20 (0.13 to 0.31)** |
Slide positive >50 000/μl | 0.35 (0.24 to 0.50)** | 0.24 (0.16 to 0.37)** |
RDT=rapid diagnostic test.
*P<0.05.
**P<0.001.
†Inability to sit unsupported or, if age <8 months, inability to drink.
‡RDT positive and slide negative assumed to indicate recent infection with P falciparum.