Table 5.

Clinical features and management of infections^*

Infection	Clinical features	Common organisms	Antibiotics, duration of treatment
Peritonitis	Abdominal pain, tenderness, distension; diarrhea, vomiting; ascitic fluid >100 leukocytes/mm3; >50% neutrophils	S. pneumoniae, S. pyogenes, E. coli	Cefotaxime or ceftriaxone for 7-10 days; ampicillin and an aminoglycoside for 7-10 days
Pneumonia	Fever, cough, tachypnea, intercostal recessions, crepitations	S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, S. aureus	Oral: amoxicillin, co-amoxiclav, erythromycin
			Parenteral: ampicillin and aminoglycoside; or cefotaxime/ceftriaxone for 7-10 days
Cellulitis	Cutaneous erythema, induration, tenderness	Staphylococci, Group A streptococci, H. influenzae	Cloxacillin and ceftriaxone for 7-10 days co-amoxiclav
Fungal infections	Pulmonary infiltrates, persistent	Candida, Aspergillus spp.	Skin, mucosa: fluconazole for 10 days
	Fever unresponsive to antibiotics, sputum/urine showing septate hyphae		Systemic: amphotericin for 14-21 days

^*Supplemental stress doses of hydrocortisone or prednisolone are usually necessary