Table 2. Performances of PD patients (mean ± SD) before (preoperative condition, M-3) and after (postoperative condition, M+3) STN DBS, and of HC, on neuropsychological tests and ToM task (i.e. Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test).
| Preoperative condition (Baseline) | Postoperative condition (M+3) | HC group | |
| Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | |
| Benton (/54) | 45.8±3.6 | 45.8±4.4 | 47.1±4.4 |
| Token Test (/36) | 35.1±1.2 | 35.6±0.9 | 35.1±0.9 |
| PPTT Verbal (/52) | 51.5±0.5 | 51.7±0.6 | 51.8±0.4 |
| MDRS (/144) | 141.4±1.7 | 141.1±1.9 | 141.2±1.9 |
| Stroop test - Interference | 2.3±6.1 | −1.1±4.7 | 2.7±6.1 |
| TMT B-A (seconds) | 60.4±32.2 | 62.8±42.6 | 69.7±44.5 |
| Categorical verbal fluency (2′) | 26.5±10.8 | 32.6±10.5 | 32±9.0 |
| Phonemic verbal fluency (2′) | 21.9±6.8 | 22.7±5.9 | 19.5±6.2 |
| Action (Verb) Fluency (1′) | 14.4±6.1 | 16.7±5.5 | 15.8±7.4 |
| MCST - Number of categories (/6) | 5.6±0.6 | 6.0±0.0 | 6.0±0.0 |
| MCST - Number of errors | 4.8±3.8 | 1.2±1.3 | 1.9±1.5 |
| MCST - Number of perseverative errors | 1.1±1.2 | 0.3±0.8 | 0.4±0.8 |
| MADRS | 3.4±4.2 | 4.7±4.3 | 0.7±0.9 |
| STAI-A State | 31.7±10.4 | 32.1±8.2 | 28.6±10.0 |
| STAI-B Trait | 38.6±9.6 | 37.8±10.6 | 42.1±9.3 |
| Gender score – Eyes test (%) | 96.4±4.5 | 92.3±8.1 | 96.4±3.8 |
| Emotion score – Eyes test (%) | 72.8±16.2 | 64.7±12.9 * # | 74.6±9.4 |
#
p<0.05 when compared with HC group (Mann-Whitney test); * p<0.05 when compared with preoperative condition (Wilcoxon test for paired comparisons).
HC: Healthy control; PPTT: Pyramids and Palm Trees Test; TMT: Trail Making Test; MDRS: Mattis Dementia Rating Scale; MCST: Modified Wisconsin Card Sorting Test; MADRS: Montgomery-Asberg Depression Scale; STAI: State-Trait Anxiety Inventory; SD: standard deviation; ToM: theory of mind.