Skip to main content
. 2010 Mar 26;6(3):e1000829. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1000829

Figure 7. Proposed model of SR-A-mediated antiviral activity.

Figure 7

Lytic viral infections lead to dsRNA in the extracellular environment. (1) Surface expressed SR-As bind extracellular dsRNA and facilitate entry via clathrin-mediated endocytosis. (2) Endosomal TLR3 binds dsRNA and induces an antiviral response via TRIF. (3) dsRNA escapes the endosome and is detected in the cytoplasm by the RLRs RIG-I and MDA5, which induce an antiviral response via IPS-1. (4) While the carrier function of SR-As is likely the dominant mode of action, the direct contribution of SR-As to antiviral immunity by binding to TRIF and IPS-1 or by inducing independent, non-classical antiviral responses cannot be ruled out.