Table 3. Scenario-specific parameters of the simulations.

Parameter	Pre-colonial village	Kinshasa 1919	Kinshasa 1929	Kinshasa 1958
Number of women	500	3,265	10,081	69,159
Number of men	500	8,798	31,817	93,064
Number of married couples	450	947	2,923	48,411
% of women “femmes libres”	0	60	60	10
% of men circumcised	0	70	80	95
Genital ulcer frequency (%) in:
Commercial sex workers (CSWs)	-	15	10	5
Femmes libres	0	7.5	5a	0.5
Other women	0	3	2	0.3
Men	0	1.5	1	0.3

The parameters are based on archival historical data and colonial medicine articles ([48], [66], [70], [104]; Text S1; Text S2).

^aA genital ulcer frequency of 5% in femmes libres in 1929 is supported by two different venereal control surveys made in 1930 and 1932, involving 953 and 1,202 women (mostly femmes libres) respectively, which showed this frequency to be 4.7% in 1930 and 4.6% in 1932 [48]. The venereal situation was probably even worse in the decade preceding 1929–32 [48], [104], and reports from the years around 1910 [67]–[69] suggest incidences higher than in the period 1929–32 (see Text S1).