Table 1.
Common Endocrine Disruptors and Actions
| Endocrine Disruptor | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| DDT | Reproductive Failure | [110] |
| Phytoestrogens (e.g. Genistein) |
Impaired Fertility, Reproductive Effects, Breast Cancer Protection |
[15, 16] |
| Diethylstilbestrol (DES) |
Vaginal Cancer in Humans Developmental Toxicity in Hamsters |
[111 – 113] |
| Dicofol | Abnormal Ovarian Follicles, High Plasma Estrogen Levels |
[114] |
| Bisphenol-A (BPA) | Prostate Cancer | [14, 115] |
| Aflatoxin | Liver Cancer | [17] |
| Cadmium | Lung Cancer, Reproductive Problems | [18] |
| Heterocyclic amines | Cancer of Colon, Stomach and Breast | [19] |
| Arsenic | Liver Cancer | [21] |
| Dioxins (TCDD) | Mammary Tumor | [116] |
| Vinclozolin | Impaired Male Fertility | [33] |
| Methoxychlor | Impaired Male Fertility | [117] |
| Phthalates | Impairs Male Reproductive Tract and Testis | [13] |