Spatial and temporal expression of Sox11 and Vimentin following SCI by QRT-PCR. Sox11 was significantly up-regulated in most regions (P, I, and D) in RG3.6-treated spinal cords by comparison to medium controls at 6, 12, and 24 h post-injury (A). Vimentin expression also showed significant increases in spinal cords with RG3.6 transplants at 12 h post-injury (B). Immunostaining for vimentin at 24 h post-injury showed stronger expression in RG3.6- treated spinal cords than in medium controls (C). Images presented here are from regions below dorsal column (region 1 illustrated in luxol fast blue stained section) and around central canal (region 2 illustrated in luxol fast blue stained section) from spinal cord segment 2.5 mm caudal to the injury epicenter. Scale bar = 20 μm. Expression levels in A and B represent fold change after normalizing to GAPDH. Values are means ± SEM, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001, ANOVA.