Table 2.
Average muscle properties in the pectoral limb of adult (10+ kg) Alligator mississippiensis.
| Muscle | Abbreviation | Functional group | Mmusc/Mbody(%) | SD Mmusc/Mbody(%) | Lfasc/Mbody0.33(%) | SD Lfasc/Mbody0.33(%) | θ (°) | SD θ (°) | Mtend/Mbody(%) | SD Mtend/Mbody(%) | Ltend/Mbody0.33(%) | SD Ltend/Mbody0.33(%) | PCSA/Mbody0.67(%) | SD PCSA/Mbody0.67(%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rhomboideus | RHO | Scapular adductors | 0.020 | 0.007 | 5.5 | 1.1 | 3 | 7 | – | – | – | – | 0.363 | 0.158 |
| Serratus ventralis cervicus | SVC | Scapular adductors | 0.050 | 0.007 | 12.3 | 1.3 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.384 | 0.062 |
| Serratus ventralis thoracis | SVT | Scapula flexors | 0.132 | 0.008 | 16.7 | 3.5 | 4 | 9 | – | – | – | – | 0.762 | 0.142 |
| Latissimus dorsi | LD | Scapular extensors | 0.082 | 0.004 | 21.0 | 2.1 | – | – | 0.00017 | 0.00041 | – | – | 0.369 | 0.038 |
| Levator scapulae | LS | Scapular extensors | 0.178 | 0.021 | 25.6 | 3.1 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.661 | 0.109 |
| Trapezius | TRA | Scapular extensors | 0.054 | 0.016 | 17.7 | 1.7 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.293 | 0.088 |
| Costocoracoideus profundus | COCP | Coracoidal retractors | 0.014 | 0.005 | 8.4 | 2.3 | 2 | 6 | – | – | – | – | 0.162 | 0.073 |
| Costocoracoideus superficialis | COCS | Coracoidal retractors | 0.074 | 0.010 | 18.9 | 2.5 | 1 | 3 | – | – | – | – | 0.378 | 0.088 |
| Deltoideus scapularis | DS | Shoulder abductors | 0.032 | 0.002 | 6.5 | 1.8 | 26 | 4 | 0.00049 | 0.00028 | 6.2 | 1.5 | 0.426 | 0.079 |
| Scapulohumeralis caudalis | SHC | Shoulder abductors | 0.027 | 0.005 | 11.0 | 2.2 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.236 | 0.046 |
| Teres major | TM | Shoulder abductors | 0.030 | 0.002 | 14.5 | 2.9 | 14 | 21 | 0.00057 | 0.00012 | 5.1 | 1.6 | 0.183 | 0.048 |
| Pectoralis | PEC | Shoulder flexors/adductors | 0.690 | 0.032 | 42.9 | 5.3 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 1.538 | 0.199 |
| Coracobrachialis brevis ventralis | CBV | Shoulder flexors/adductors | 0.052 | 0.007 | 15.3 | 2.4 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.328 | 0.079 |
| Subscapularis | SS | Shoulder flexors/adductors | 0.082 | 0.045 | 12.1 | 3.2 | 12 | 18 | – | – | – | – | 0.616 | 0.350 |
| Coracobrachialis brevis dorsalis | CBD | Shoulder extensors | 0.012 | 0.009 | 8.9 | 2.1 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.119 | 0.067 |
| Deltoideus clavicularis | DC | Shoulder extensors | 0.085 | 0.011 | 19.8 | 3.3 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.414 | 0.091 |
| Supracoracoideus | SC | Shoulder extensors | 0.094 | 0.014 | 17.1 | 1.4 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.520 | 0.072 |
| Abductor radialis | AB-R | Elbow flexors | 0.010 | 0.001 | 4.0 | 0.6 | 26 | 2 | 0.000005 | 0.000012 | 0.5 | 1.3 | 0.204 | 0.031 |
| Biceps brachii | BB | Elbow flexors | 0.049 | 0.004 | 18.3 | 3.9 | 9 | 11 | 0.00109 | 0.00018 | 11.8 | 1.1 | 0.253 | 0.033 |
| Brachialis | BR | Elbow flexors | 0.021 | 0.002 | 17.1 | 2.9 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.117 | 0.024 |
| Flexor ulnaris | FUL | Elbow flexors | 0.015 | 0.004 | 4.3 | 1.5 | 23 | 3 | 0.00021 | 0.00023 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 0.328 | 0.102 |
| Humeroradialis | HR | Elbow flexors | 0.033 | 0.009 | 18.6 | 1.5 | – | – | 0.00045 | 0.00055 | 3.9 | 3.5 | 0.166 | 0.046 |
| Triceps longus lateralus | TLL | Shoulder flexors/elbow extensors | 0.090 | 0.010 | 11.8 | 1.2 | 24 | 5 | 0.00100 | 0.00073 | 6.7 | 4.9 | 0.669 | 0.124 |
| Triceps longus medialis | TLM | Shoulder flexors/elbow extensors | 0.081 | 0.013 | 10.5 | 1.8 | 24 | 4 | 0.00289 | 0.00180 | 20.7 | 11.2 | 0.680 | 0.139 |
| Triceps brevis caudalis | TBCD | Elbow extensors | 0.053 | 0.009 | 9.5 | 1.5 | 25 | 2 | 0.00068 | 0.00068 | 4.9 | 4.7 | 0.486 | 0.098 |
| Triceps brevis cranialis | TBCR | Elbow extensors | 0.076 | 0.014 | 9.1 | 2.6 | 30 | 5 | 0.00623 | 0.00666 | 9.4 | 2.7 | 0.707 | 0.153 |
| Triceps brevis intermedius | TBI | Elbow extensors | 0.080 | 0.018 | 9.1 | 0.9 | 26 | 6 | 0.00416 | 0.00425 | 4.4 | 3.9 | 0.740 | 0.126 |
| Pronatorquadratus | PQ | Elbow pronators | 0.033 | 0.004 | 4.5 | 0.9 | 30 | 3 | – | – | – | – | 0.600 | 0.098 |
| Pronator teres | PT | Elbow pronators | 0.043 | 0.004 | 6.0 | 0.6 | 27 | 5 | 0.00004 | 0.00010 | 0.3 | 0.7 | 0.608 | 0.074 |
| Supinator | SUP | Elbow supinators | 0.024 | 0.003 | 10.7 | 1.8 | 25 | 2 | 0.00023 | 0.00056 | 1.6 | 3.9 | 0.199 | 0.055 |
| Extensor carpi radialis brevis | ECR-B | Wrist dorsiflexors | 0.012 | 0.002 | 6.0 | 0.9 | 20 | 11 | 0.00013 | 0.00020 | 1.9 | 3.6 | 0.178 | 0.030 |
| Extensor carpi radialis longus | ECR-L | Wrist dorsiflexors | 0.012 | 0.002 | 5.8 | 0.7 | 20 | 2 | 0.00063 | 0.00032 | 8.5 | 3.4 | 0.187 | 0.046 |
| Extensor carpi ulnaris longus | ECU-L | Wrist dorsiflexors | 0.011 | 0.001 | 8.3 | 1.4 | 15 | 8 | 0.00067 | 0.00018 | 15.5 | 1.2 | 0.120 | 0.026 |
| Flexor carpi ulnaris | FCU | Wrist plantarflexors | 0.035 | 0.004 | 3.8 | 0.8 | 29 | 4 | 0.00083 | 0.00054 | 6.1 | 4.5 | 0.799 | 0.176 |
| Flexor digitorum longus 1 (fore) | FDL1 | Wrist plantarflexors | 0.009 | 0.001 | 7.9 | 2.1 | 22 | 3 | 0.00139 | 0.00185 | 13.1 | 8.4 | 0.102 | 0.028 |
| Flexor digitorum longus 2 (fore) | FDL2 | Wrist plantarflexors | 0.025 | 0.005 | 4.3 | 0.7 | 25 | 3 | 0.00271 | 0.00254 | 10.4 | 8.6 | 0.505 | 0.050 |
| Extensor digitorum superficialis | EDS | Digital dorsiflexors | 0.016 | 0.003 | 4.3 | 1.3 | 22 | 12 | 0.00001 | 0.00003 | – | – | 0.328 | 0.087 |
| Flexor digitorum brevis (fore) | FDBF | Digital plantarflexors | 0.010 | 0.002 | 3.3 | 0.7 | 29 | 15 | – | – | – | – | 0.254 | 0.071 |