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. 2010 Apr;216(4):463–469. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7580.2009.01196.x

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1

A planimetric representation of a pennated muscle. Pennation angle (θ) is assumed to be measured at optimal fascicle length in musculoskeletal models. The superficial and deep aponeuroses are a muscle thickness (t) apart and a muscle fascicle of optimal length Lfopt spans the distance between the two aponeuroses.