Figure 6.

Genome-wide map of bladder cancer progression from intraurothelial precursor conditions to invasive disease. The map was assembled on the basis of whole-organ histologic and genetic mapping of chromosomes 1–22. The outer circle represents chromosomal vectors aligned clockwise from p toq arms with positions of altered markers exhibiting LOH. The innermost concentric circles represent major phases of development and progression of urothelial neoplasia from normal urothelium (NU) through low-grade intraurothelial neoplasia (LGIN), and high-grade intraurothelial neoplasia (HGIN) to transitional cell carcinoma (TCC). The allelic patterns of markers in mucosal samples were compared to their patterns in peripheral blood lymphocytes of the same patient. Solid circles (●) denote statistically significant LOH of the markers defined by the LOD score analysis. Open circles (○) identify LOH without statistically significant association to a given stage of neoplasia. The position of open or solid circles on appropriate concentric circles relates the alterations to a given phase of neoplasia. Only markers with LOH are positioned on the chromosomal vectors. Solid bars on outer brackets represent clusters of markers with significant LOH and denote location of putative chromosomal regions involved in urothelial neoplasia. The distances of markers on chromosomal vectors and the solid bars depicting minimal deleted regions were adjusted to fit the oval and are not drawn to scale.