Table 5.

Random effects models for early morning awakening with age as predictor (β₂) and with individual covariates (β₃)^*

	Mean Values (P values)			Standard Deviations			Number
Predictor	β1**	β2**	β3**	σ1***	σ2***	σε***	Women	Observations
Age (47.4)	0.540	0.029 (< 0.0001)	-	0.56	0.07	0.59	286	6542
Menopausal Transition Factors
MT-stage	0.547 (< 0.0001)	0.029 (< 0.0001)		56	0.07	0.59	286	6542
Early			−0.022 (0.475)
Late			0.026 (0.537)
Early PM			−0.022 (0.689)
Estrone glucuronide (log10) (1.2)	0.660 (< 0.0001)	0.005 (0.641)	−0.079 (0.018)	0.64	0.09	0.58	130	4558
FSH (log10) (1.1)	0.660 (< 0.0001)	0.004 (0.692)	0.018 (0.398)	0.64	0.09	0.58	130	4557
Testosterone (log10) (1.2)	0.657 (< 0.0001)	0.005 (0.611)	0.010 (0.700)	0.64	0.09	0.58	130	4459
HRT use	0.563 (< 0.0001)	0.033 (< 0.0001)	−0.054 (0.138)	0.54	0.06	0.61	379	8685
Symptoms
Hot flashes	0.502 (< 0.0001)	0.023 (< 0.0001)	0.105 (< 0.0001)	0.53	0.06	0.59	286	6311
Depressed mood	0.444 (< 0.0001)	0.030 (< 0.0001)	0.148 (< 0.0001)	0.48	0.06	0.56	282	5784
Anxiety	0.447 (< 0.0001)	0.029 (< 0.0001)	0.126 (< 0.0001)	0.53	0.06	0.59	286	6542
Joint aches	0.537 (< 0.0001)	0.064 (0.795)	.593 (< 0.0001)	0.54	0.06	0.59	286	6400
Backache	0.510 (< 0.0001)	0.028 (< 0.0001)	0.043 (< 0.0001)	0.54	0.06	0.59	286	6400
Stress-Related Factors
Perceived Stress	0.387 (< 0.0001)	0.032 (< 0.0001)	0.062 (< 0.0001)	0.55	0.07	0.59	286	6542
History of sexual abuse	0.466 (< 0.0001)	0.029 (< 0.0001)	0.242 (0.001)	0.55	0.07	0.60	231	6345
Cortisol	0.660 (< 0.0001)	0.001 (0.959)	0.0003 (0.154)	0.64	0.08	0.58	130	4362
Epinephrine	0.663 (< 0.0001)	0.007 (0.468)	0.023 (0.038)	9.64	0.08	0.58	130	3007
Norepi-nephrine	0.666 (< 0.0001)	0.004 (0.690)	0.046 (0.366)	0.64	0.08	0.58	130	3007
Health-Related Factors
Perceived health	0.905 (< 0.0001)	0.029 (< 0.0001)	−0.093 (< 0.0001)	0.54	0.07	0.59	286	6542
Number cigarettes smoked	0.551 (< 0.0001)	0.028 (< 0.0001)	−0.006 (0.062)	0.55	0.07	0.59	286	6542
Amount of exercise	0.545 (< 0.0001)	0.029 (< 0.0001)	−0.001 (0.536)	0.56	0.07	0.59	286	6542
Amount of alcohol	0.540 (< 0.0001)	0.029 (< 0.0001)	0.002 (0.909)	0.56	0.07	0.59	286	6542
Caffeine-containing drinks - number	0.529 (< 0.0001)	0.029 (< 0.0001)	0.007 (0.418)	0.56	0.07	0.59	286	6380

^*Occasions on which selected medications were used were omitted from the analyses. Androgen use occasions were excluded from all analyses. Occasions when medications could affect symptoms such as sleep, hot flashes, and mood were excluded from these analyses.

^**β₁, β₂, β₃ are the fixed effects (group averages) for the intercept, slope and covariate.

^***σ₁, σ₂, σ_ε are the random effects (variability) for the intercept, slope and residual error.