FIGURE 2.
Inactivation of GSK3 augments phospho-ERK levels in LPS-stimulated monocytes. Human monocytes were pretreated with the GSK3 inhibitor SB216763 (10 µM) or LiCl (10 mM) for 2 h before stimulation with LPS (1 µg/ml). Unstimulated cells were treated with NaCl (10 mM) or DMSO (0.1%) as the osmolality or organic solvent controls for LiCl or SB216763, respectively. Immunoblots (30 µg total protein) were probed for phospho-ERK (A) or phospho-MEK (B) levels and subsequently reprobed for total ERK to ensure equal protein loading. C, The percent of monocytes expressing phospho-ERK in the presence or absence of LiCl (10 mM) or osmolality control NaCl (10 mM) for unstimulated or LPS-stimulated groups (60 min). D, Immunoblots showing the levels of phospho-p38 or phospho-JNK in monocytes stimulated with LPS (1 µg/ml) in the presence or absence of the GSK3 inhibitor SB216763 (10 µM). Data are representative of three separate experiments.