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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Apr 6.
Published in final edited form as: J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2006 Dec;49(6):1175–1192. doi: 10.1044/1092-4388(2006/085)

Table 3.

Form and referent characteristics of the stimuli.

High phonotactic
probability
 Low phonotactic
probability
High
density		 Low
density		 High
density		 Low
density		 Category Referent 1 Referent 2 Referent 3 Referent 4
pim hαn jeIm fa℧g Candy machine Red candy +
 1 chute (created)		 Blue candy +
 2 chutes (created)		 Yellow candy +
 1 chute (created)		 Green candy +
 1 chute (created)
jo℧n nεp feIg jΛd Toy Punch toy (Geisel & Geisel, 1958) Cork gun (Geisel & Geisel, 1958) Punch arrow
 (Geisel & Geisel, 1958)		 Marshmallow sprayer
 (Geisel & Geisel, 1958)
mεk jIb hif wαf Horn Orange trumpet bell
 pointing down
 (Geisel & Geisel, 1954)		 Yellow hand-held
 tuba (Geisel & Geisel, 1954)		 Red saxophone
 pointing down
 (Geisel & Geisel, 1954)		 Blue oboe pointing
 upward (Geisel & Geisel, 1954)
wæd paIb na℧t mug Pet Green gerbil + antenna
 (DeBrunhoff, 1981)		 Purple mouse-bat
 (Mayer, 1992)		 Yellow frog-bat
 (Mayer, 1992)		 Orange elephant
 mouse (Mayer, 1992)

Pairing of nonwords to referents was counterbalanced across participants.