Figure 7. The absence of NleA can be functionally complemented by disruption of ER-Golgi trafficking.
Caco2 cells were polarized on semi-permeable filter inserts and then infected with the EPEC strains indicated for 6 hours in the presence of 10 micrograms per ml Brefeldin A. Uninfected cells were processed in parallel (ui). Samples were fixed and immunostained for ZO-1 (left panel, green in the overlay), occludin (2nd panel from left, red in the overlay) and nuclei were stained with DAPI (3rd panel from left, blue in the overlay). An overlay is shown in the right panel. Scale bar= 20 micrometers.