Table 6.
Factors and details for each study: gene modifications that have been shown to increase retinal ganglion cell (RGC) survival following axotomy
| Factor* | Animal | No of days postaxotomy | Percentage survival difference† | Administration |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anti-Apaf-1 RNA inhibitor73—postinjury | Rat | Day 14 | 200 and 423 RGC/mm2‡ | Nerve stump |
| Anti-c-Jun RNA inhibitor73—postinjury | Rat | Day 14 | 200 and 520 RGC/mm‡ | Nerve stump |
| Bcl-2 overexpression50 | Neonatal mice | 24 h | 50% | Transgenic mice |
| Bcl-2 overexpression52 | Mice | 2–3.5 months‡ | 58% | Transgenic mice |
| Ad-BDNF—postinjury39, 61 | Rat | Day 10, 14 | 39%, 7% | IO-Ad vector |
| BDNF cDNA+electroporation76 —postinjury | Rat | Day 14 | 57.9% | IO cDNA injection |
| Ad-CNTF83, 46—postinjury | Rat | Day 7–21 | 40.1–7% | IO-Ad vector |
| Ad-CNTF71—postinjury | Rat | Day 14 | 19.5% | Nerve stump |
| Lv-CNTF81—postinjury | Rat | Day 14 | 53.1% | IO-Lv vector |
| Ad-IL-1069—postinjury | Rat | Day 14 | 18% | IO-Ad vector |
| Ad-IL-469—postinjury | Rat | Day 14 | 5.4% | IO-Ad vector |
| Ad-p5371—postinjury | Rat | Day 14 | 17.4% | Nerve stump |
| Trk oncogene88—preinjury | Rat | Day 7 | 37% | Superior colliculus |
| TrkB gene38—preinjury | Rat | Day 7, 14, 28 | 25%, 17%, 5% | IO |
| TrkB gene transfer (preinjury)+BDNF (postinjury)38 | Rat | Day 7, 14, 28 | 47%, 66%, 15% | IO |
| Ad-XIAP87—postinjury | Rat | Day 14 | 16.9% | Nerve stump |
| VEGF overexpression86 | Mice | Day 14 | 13.3% | Transgenic mice |
The time the factor was given is listed along with the factor.
Results are calculated as the percentage difference of RGC survival (compared with healthy retina) in the retina of treated eyes versus the untreated eye (ie, percentage of surviving RGC in the treated eye minus the percentage of surviving RGC in the untreated eye).
Wild type was evaluated at 2 months and Transgenic was evaluated at 3.5 months.
Ad, adenoviral; BDNF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor; CNTF, ciliary neurotrophic factor; IL, interleukin; IO, intraocular; Lv, lentiviral; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor; XIAP, X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis.