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. 2010 Feb;11(1):76–79.

Table 2.

Computed Tomography severity grades and suggested management strategy, modified and reprinted with permission from Osinbowale O et al.4 © Sage publications.

Grade Anatomic extension Symptoms Management
I Intramuscular, unilateral, does not dissect along fascial planes. Mild to moderate pain. No drop in hemoglobin. Conservative; usually outpatient follow up only.
II Bilateral, some dissection between the muscle and transversalis fascia; no extension into the prevesical space. Minor drop in hemoglobin. Observation, short hospital stay. May need transfusion.
III Bilateral, large, dissects between the transversalis fascia and muscle into the peritoneum and prevesical space. Significant drop in hemoglobin and hemodynamic instability. Reversal of anticoagulants and blood transfusion. Angiographic interventions may be needed.