Table 2.

Select Examples of Antecedents of Assuming Responsibility for Self-care

Author/Article	Diabetes Condition and Treatment
Drotar & Ievers (1994)	“treatment-related responsibilities may be influenced by the unique treatment-related demands” (p. 266)
Helgeson, Reynolds, Siminerio, Escobar, & Becker (2008)	[it is possible that] “diabetes outcomes are influencing who is involved in diabetes self-care” (p. 498)
	Adolescent Readiness
Anderson & Wolpert, 2004	“needs to develop personal mastery of the intricacies of diabetes management” (p. 347)
Giordano, Petrila, Banion, & Neuenkirchen (1992)	“influenced by their level of development” (p. 237); “take on this responsibility to avoid hearing negative messages or to relieve the parent’s discomfort” (p. 238); and “As children move into puberty, their desire for independence increases ... motivator for the adolescent to take on more self-care responsibility” (p. 239).
	Expectations for Responsibility
Dashiff, & Bartolucci (2002)	“societal demands of social and personal responsibility” (p. 98)
Giordano et al. (1992)	“care providers and parents often expect children to assume responsibility for diabetes self-care tasks” (p. 235)
	Interactions with Others
Anderson, Auslander, Jung, Miller, & Santiago (1990)	“the diabetic teen-ager continues to need parental supervision and support” (p. 478)
Hanna & Guthrie (2001)	“if parental involvement is equal to parental control, it is counter to adolescents’ assumption of diabetes management responsibility” (p. 210)