TABLE 1.

Complications of Eisenmenger’s syndrome

Congestive heart failure

Secondary erythrocytosis

Bleeding disorders

Sudden death

Arrhythmias (atrial fibrillation/flutter)

Paradoxical emboli

Pulmonary arterial aneurysm/calcification

Angina pectoris

Thrombosis in the proximal pulmonary arteries

Syncope

Progressive valvular stenosis/regurgitation

Infective endocarditis

Hyperuricemia/gouty arthritis

Brain abscess

Stroke/transient ischemic attack

Gallstones

Renal dysfunction

Intrapulmonary hemorrhage, usually manifested with hemoptysis