Table 3.
Baseline risk factors for sequential acquisition of cervical and anal HPV infection.
| Cervical (reference) HPV followed by anal (index) HPV |
Anal (reference) HPV followed by cervical (index) HPV |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Subjectsa (N= 250) |
Eventsb N |
Hazard Ratioc (95% CI)d |
P for trende |
Subjectsa (N= 200) |
Eventsb N |
Hazard Ratioc (95% CI)d |
P for trende |
|
| Age (years) | ||||||||
| < 25 | 106 | 48 | 1.00 | 70 | 24 | 1.00 | ||
| 25 - 34 | 72 | 32 | 0.90 (0.58-1.40) | 55 | 7 | 0.29 (0.13-0.68) | ||
| 35 - 44 | 38 | 11 | 0.60 (0.31-1.14) | 30 | 7 | 0.36 (0.16-0.81) | ||
| >= 45 | 34 | 8 | 0.42 (0.21-0.88) | 0.007 | 45 | 2 | 0.07 (0.02-0.33) | <0.0001 |
| Ethnicity | ||||||||
| Caucasian | 110 | 46 | 1.00 | 98 | 13 | 1.00 | ||
| Japanese | 25 | 10 | 1.38 (0.73-2.61) | 10 | 2 | 1.72 (0.41-7.20) | ||
| Hawaiian | 23 | 9 | 0.82 (0.35-1.90) | 26 | 6 | 1.22 (0.26-5.72) | ||
| Filipino | 13 | 5 | 0.69 (0.24-2.03) | 11 | 5 | 1.44 (0.28-7.49) | ||
| other | 79 | 29 | 0.47 (0.24-0.92) | 55 | 14 | 1.07 (0.25-4.57) | ||
| Income (US$/year) | ||||||||
| < 7,500 | 50 | 17 | 1.00 | 44 | 14 | 1.00 | ||
| 7,500 - 19,999 | 69 | 37 | 1.69 (0.96-2.98) | 43 | 5 | 0.42 (0.15-1.18) | ||
| 20,000 - 49,999 | 67 | 22 | 1.38 (0.76-2.52) | 60 | 6 | 0.53 (0.17-1.70) | ||
| >= 50,000 | 57 | 21 | 1.26 (0.67-2.36) | 0.75 | 49 | 14 | 1.04 (0.49-2.20) | 0.82 |
| Age at menarche (years) | ||||||||
| < 12 | 54 | 22 | 1.00 | 56 | 12 | 1.00 | ||
| 12 | 71 | 28 | 1.03 (0.60-1.77) | 46 | 12 | 1.41 (0.64-3.11) | ||
| 13 | 63 | 23 | 0.79 (0.44-1.41) | 52 | 6 | 0.49 (0.18-1.30) | ||
| >= 14 | 62 | 26 | 0.99 (0.57-1.73) | 0.75 | 45 | 9 | 0.88 (0.37-2.10) | 0.35 |
| Oral contraceptive use at baseline | ||||||||
| never | 47 | 26 | 1.00 | 33 | 6 | 1.00 | ||
| ever | 203 | 73 | 0.86 (0.56-1.32) | 167 | 34 | 1.35 (0.59-3.06) | ||
| past user | 115 | 45 | 0.91 (0.57-1.46) | 106 | 23 | 2.03 (0.86-4.80) | ||
| current user | 88 | 28 | 0.78 (0.47-1.30) | 0.33 | 61 | 11 | 0.85 (0.33-2.20) | 0.31 |
| Hormone cream use at baseline | ||||||||
| never | 239 | 93 | 1.00 | 183 | 40 | |||
| ever | 11 | 6 | 1.75 (0.75-4.08) | 17 | 0 | |||
| past user | 7 | 4 | 1.54 (0.57-4.16) | 12 | 0 | |||
| current user | 4 | 2 | 2.41 (0.48-12.2) | 0.18 | 5 | 0 | ||
| Tobacco smoking history | ||||||||
| never | 157 | 67 | 1.00 | 127 | 25 | 1.00 | ||
| ever | 93 | 32 | 0.77 (0.50-1.18) | 73 | 15 | 1.02 (0.56-1.86) | ||
| past | 44 | 13 | 0.73 (0.41-1.30) | 39 | 9 | 1.18 (0.55-2.52) | ||
| current | 49 | 19 | 0.80 (0.48-1.34) | 0.32 | 34 | 6 | 0.86 (0.36-2.01) | 0.84 |
| Condom use at baseline | ||||||||
| no | 155 | 57 | 1.00 | 126 | 20 | 1.00 | ||
| yes | 95 | 42 | 1.05 (0.70-1.59) | 74 | 20 | 1.33 (0.70-2.50) | ||
| Spermicide use at baseline | ||||||||
| no | 226 | 89 | 1.00 | 173 | 35 | 1.00 | ||
| yes | 24 | 10 | 0.78 (0.40-1.51) | 27 | 5 | 0.74 (0.31-1.77) | ||
| Sanitary pad use at baseline | ||||||||
| no | 108 | 34 | 1.00 | 76 | 20 | 1.00 | ||
| yes | 142 | 65 | 1.43 (0.95-2.14) | 124 | 20 | 0.59 (0.33-1.08) | ||
| History of anal sex | ||||||||
| never | 170 | 62 | 1.00 | 131 | 19 | 1.00 | ||
| ever | 80 | 37 | 1.06 (0.71-1.58) | 69 | 21 | 1.84 (1.01-3.36) | ||
| past | 60 | 25 | 0.97 (0.61-1.53) | 48 | 14 | 1.68 (0.86-3.26) | ||
| current | 19 | 12 | 1.40 (0.76-2.56) | 0.45 | 20 | 7 | 2.42 (1.02-5.71) | 0.03 |
a
The number of subjects who completed the questionnaire and at least 2 clinical visits, and who had a cervical infection of the indicated type.
b
The number of incident HPV infections at the index site after same-type HPV infections at the reference site during the study period.
c
Adjusted for age of participants at study entry.
d
CI, confidence interval.
e
For never/ever/past/current variables, the test for trend compares never users, past users, and current users.