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. 2010 Apr 8;6(4):e1000901. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1000901

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This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Public Domain declaration which stipulates that, once placed in the public domain, this work may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Public Domain declaration, which stipulates that, once placed in the public domain, this work may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose.

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(A) No Shh expression is detected in the posterior mesenchyme of H2 ^Δ/Δc and H2 ^Δ/Δc Gli3 ^Xt/Xt limb buds at E10.25 (32–33 somites). (B) Bmp4, Grem1, and Msx2 expression at E10.5 (34–35 somites). Note that Grem1 expression is activated, but not up-regulated and expanded distal-anterior in H2 ^Δ/Δc limb buds. In contrast, the Grem1 expression domain appears rather uniform in the majority of all H2 ^Δ/Δc Gli3 ^Xt/Xt limb buds. (C) Q–PCR quantitation of Shh, Bmp4, Grem1 and Msx2 expression in single limb buds of mouse embryos of the indicated genotypes at ∼E10.5 (34–37 somites). Boxes show the average (± standard deviation), dots indicate levels in individual limb bud determined by triplicate analysis. The vertical axis indicates expression levels in percentages of wild-type levels (wild-type average set at 100%). Wt: wild-type (n = 8 single limb buds analyzed); H2: H2 ^Δ/Δc (n = 8); Gli3: Gli3 ^Xt/Xt (n = 7); H2Gli3: H2 ^Δ/Δc Gli3 ^Xt/Xt (n = 6). All differences discussed in the text are statistically highly significant (p-values between p<0.001 and p<0.05 using Mann-Whitney tests).