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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: Br J Nutr. 2009 Dec 14;103(7):1049–1055. doi: 10.1017/S0007114509992674

Table 1.

Baseline characteristics by quartile of dietary glycemic index and load*

Quartile dietary glycemic index
Quartile dietary glycemic load
1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4

Mean SD Mean SD Mean SD Mean SD Mean SD Mean SD Mean SD Mean SD
Age, y 60.2 8.8 60.5 8.8 61.8 9.1 64.0 9.4 59.9 8.9 60.8 8.9 62.0 9.1 63.7 9.3
Physical activity, MET h/d 42.3 4.7 42.4 4.7 42.6 4.7 42.4 4.9 42.0 4.7 42.3 4.7 42.6 4.8 42.8 4.9
BMI, kg/m2 25.0 3.9 24.9 3.8 24.9 3.9 25.0 4.1 24.8 4.0 24.9 3.8 24.9 3.8 25.2 4.0
Cigarette smoking, %
 Never 47.7 53.7 56.8 56.9 43.4 52.9 57.7 61.3
 Past 27.3 24.5 21.7 18.4 25.8 24.1 22.1 19.8
 Current 24.9 21.8 21.5 24.7 30.8 23.0 20.2 18.9
Living alone, % 25.8 21.8 22.0 26.8 25.2 22.4 22.7 26.2
Post menopausal hormone use, % 54.5 53.3 51.0 47.4 52.5 52.3 51.9 49.5
Aspirin use, % 43.7 43.6 44.0 41.9 44.8 43.8 42.4 42.1
Education, %
 Less than high school 64.3 68.9 76.0 85.2 66.4 71.2 75.8 81.1
 High school 9.5 9.1 7.5 5.7 9.5 8.5 7.5 6.4
 University 26.2 22.0 16.46 9.1 24.1 20.37 16.7 12.56
Family history of myocardial infarction, % 17.6 17.0 16.9 16.6 17.4 16.4 17.2 17.1
Hypertension, % 18.3 19.0 20.7 21.9 16.9 19.4 20.7 22.8
High cholesterol, % 7.1 8.2 7.8 8.3 5.8 7.1 8.4 10.2
Energy intake, kJ/d 7,188 2,268 7,238 2,075 7,385 2,151 7,297 2,280 7,376 2,406 7,217 2,100 7,222 2,038 7,293 2,218
Alcohol, g/d 5.6 6.4 4.7 5.3 3.8 4.6 2.6 3.9 6.0 6.8 4.6 5.1 3.6 4.2 2.4 3.4
Fiber, g/d 22.4 6.0 22.6 5.1 22.1 5.1 21.1 5.6 19.0 4.5 21.6 4.5 23.1 4.9 24.5 6.3
Saturated fat, g/d 27.5 6.7 26.9 6.0 27.3 6.1 27.6 6.6 32.8 6.1 28.4 4.7 25.9 4.5 22.1 4.7
Polyunsaturated fat, g/d 7.9 2.1 8.1 1.8 8.1 1.8 8.0 1.8 8.4 2.3 8.2 1.8 8.0 1.6 7.4 1.6
Carbohydrate, g/d 203 26 210 24 212 25 218 28 180 17 204 11 218 11 241 17
Protein, g/d 76.7 12.3 71.7 10.2 68.9 9.6 64.5 9.8 78.5 12.6 72.2 9.2 68.6 8.4 62.7 8.7
Dietary glycemic index 68.6 3.1 73.3 0.8 76.1 0.9 80.5 2.4 71.1 4.8 73.8 3.7 75.5 3.6 78.2 3.9
Dietary glycemic load 140 20 154 18 162 19 176 24 128 12 150 4 164 4 188 15
*

Values are means ± SD or %.

Values are adjusted for energy using the residuals method.

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