Table 1.
Baseline characteristics by quartile of dietary glycemic index and load*
| Quartile dietary glycemic index |
Quartile dietary glycemic load |
|||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | |||||||||
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | |
| Age, y | 60.2 | 8.8 | 60.5 | 8.8 | 61.8 | 9.1 | 64.0 | 9.4 | 59.9 | 8.9 | 60.8 | 8.9 | 62.0 | 9.1 | 63.7 | 9.3 |
| Physical activity, MET h/d | 42.3 | 4.7 | 42.4 | 4.7 | 42.6 | 4.7 | 42.4 | 4.9 | 42.0 | 4.7 | 42.3 | 4.7 | 42.6 | 4.8 | 42.8 | 4.9 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 25.0 | 3.9 | 24.9 | 3.8 | 24.9 | 3.9 | 25.0 | 4.1 | 24.8 | 4.0 | 24.9 | 3.8 | 24.9 | 3.8 | 25.2 | 4.0 |
| Cigarette smoking, % | ||||||||||||||||
| Never | 47.7 | 53.7 | 56.8 | 56.9 | 43.4 | 52.9 | 57.7 | 61.3 | ||||||||
| Past | 27.3 | 24.5 | 21.7 | 18.4 | 25.8 | 24.1 | 22.1 | 19.8 | ||||||||
| Current | 24.9 | 21.8 | 21.5 | 24.7 | 30.8 | 23.0 | 20.2 | 18.9 | ||||||||
| Living alone, % | 25.8 | 21.8 | 22.0 | 26.8 | 25.2 | 22.4 | 22.7 | 26.2 | ||||||||
| Post menopausal hormone use, % | 54.5 | 53.3 | 51.0 | 47.4 | 52.5 | 52.3 | 51.9 | 49.5 | ||||||||
| Aspirin use, % | 43.7 | 43.6 | 44.0 | 41.9 | 44.8 | 43.8 | 42.4 | 42.1 | ||||||||
| Education, % | ||||||||||||||||
| Less than high school | 64.3 | 68.9 | 76.0 | 85.2 | 66.4 | 71.2 | 75.8 | 81.1 | ||||||||
| High school | 9.5 | 9.1 | 7.5 | 5.7 | 9.5 | 8.5 | 7.5 | 6.4 | ||||||||
| University | 26.2 | 22.0 | 16.46 | 9.1 | 24.1 | 20.37 | 16.7 | 12.56 | ||||||||
| Family history of myocardial infarction, % | 17.6 | 17.0 | 16.9 | 16.6 | 17.4 | 16.4 | 17.2 | 17.1 | ||||||||
| Hypertension, % | 18.3 | 19.0 | 20.7 | 21.9 | 16.9 | 19.4 | 20.7 | 22.8 | ||||||||
| High cholesterol, % | 7.1 | 8.2 | 7.8 | 8.3 | 5.8 | 7.1 | 8.4 | 10.2 | ||||||||
| Energy intake, kJ/d | 7,188 | 2,268 | 7,238 | 2,075 | 7,385 | 2,151 | 7,297 | 2,280 | 7,376 | 2,406 | 7,217 | 2,100 | 7,222 | 2,038 | 7,293 | 2,218 |
| Alcohol, g/d | 5.6 | 6.4 | 4.7 | 5.3 | 3.8 | 4.6 | 2.6 | 3.9 | 6.0 | 6.8 | 4.6 | 5.1 | 3.6 | 4.2 | 2.4 | 3.4 |
| Fiber,† g/d | 22.4 | 6.0 | 22.6 | 5.1 | 22.1 | 5.1 | 21.1 | 5.6 | 19.0 | 4.5 | 21.6 | 4.5 | 23.1 | 4.9 | 24.5 | 6.3 |
| Saturated fat, † g/d | 27.5 | 6.7 | 26.9 | 6.0 | 27.3 | 6.1 | 27.6 | 6.6 | 32.8 | 6.1 | 28.4 | 4.7 | 25.9 | 4.5 | 22.1 | 4.7 |
| Polyunsaturated fat, † g/d | 7.9 | 2.1 | 8.1 | 1.8 | 8.1 | 1.8 | 8.0 | 1.8 | 8.4 | 2.3 | 8.2 | 1.8 | 8.0 | 1.6 | 7.4 | 1.6 |
| Carbohydrate, † g/d | 203 | 26 | 210 | 24 | 212 | 25 | 218 | 28 | 180 | 17 | 204 | 11 | 218 | 11 | 241 | 17 |
| Protein, † g/d | 76.7 | 12.3 | 71.7 | 10.2 | 68.9 | 9.6 | 64.5 | 9.8 | 78.5 | 12.6 | 72.2 | 9.2 | 68.6 | 8.4 | 62.7 | 8.7 |
| Dietary glycemic index | 68.6 | 3.1 | 73.3 | 0.8 | 76.1 | 0.9 | 80.5 | 2.4 | 71.1 | 4.8 | 73.8 | 3.7 | 75.5 | 3.6 | 78.2 | 3.9 |
| Dietary glycemic load† | 140 | 20 | 154 | 18 | 162 | 19 | 176 | 24 | 128 | 12 | 150 | 4 | 164 | 4 | 188 | 15 |
*
Values are means ± SD or %.
†
Values are adjusted for energy using the residuals method.