Fig. 1.
Streamlined antibody selection strategy. A mutagenesis library of antigens expressed in yeast display system (21) is subjected to directed evolution to isolate mutations to induce active conformation, to which a phage library of human single-chain antibody is screened. Final selection of specific antibodies is made in yeast surface 2-hybrid system (20) according to quantitative assessment of monomeric antigen–antibody interactions.