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. 2009 Nov 10;31(1):98–132. doi: 10.1210/er.2009-0009

Table 3.

Localization of opioid receptors in related brain regions and peripheral tissues

Brain region Opioid receptors
μ δ κ
Cortex
 Cingulate cortex +/++++ +/++++ +/++
 Frontal parietal cortex ++/+++ ++/+++ −/++
 Temporal cortex ++/+++ +/+++ −/+
Hippocampus
 Pyramidal cell layers +++ ++ +
 Dentate gyrus (dorsal)
 Dentate gyrus (ventral) +++/++++ + +
 Caudate putamen ++++ ++++ +++
 Nucleus accumbens ++++ ++++ +++
Amygdala
 Medial nucleus +++ ++ ++
 Central nucleus ++
 Lateral ++++ +++ +++
 Basolateral ++++ +++ +++
Thalamus
 Laterodorsal nucleus ++
 Central medial nucleus ++++ + ++
 Medial geniculate nucleus ++++ +
 Zona incerta ++
Hypothalamus
 Lateral + ++
 Paraventricular nucleus ++
 Supraoptic nucleus ++
 Median eminence +++
 Arcuate nucleus ++
 Ventral tegmental area ++
 Raphe nucleus +++ ++
 Pituitary (rat) +/− +/− ++
 Pituitary (human) +++ +/− ++

+, ++, or +++ shows the expression level of the receptor; −, no detectable density; +/− or +/++, shows the density in different layers or nuclei. [Taken from Refs. 409,410,411,412].