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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Acad Emerg Med. 2010 Jan;17(1):72–79. doi: 10.1111/j.1553-2712.2009.00587.x

Table 3.

Association of outcome measures with criterion standard, wish to receive the same medication again.

Variable Adjusted OR (95%CI)
One hour pain free 2.3 (1.2, 4.2)
One hour headache relief 2.9 (1.7, 5.0)
Two hour pain free 3.1 (1.8, 5.4)
Two hour headache relief 3.6 (1.8, 7.4)
Two hour normal functionality 3.9 (2.2, 7.0)
Sustained outcomes
Sustained headache relief 4.0 (2.4, 6.8)
Sustained pain free 4.5 (1.9, 11.0)
Sustained relief + no side effects 4.6 (2.4, 8.8)
Sustained normal functionality 5.0 (2.7, 9.3)
Undesirable characteristics and adverse events
No adverse medication effects 1.4 (0.83, 2.4)
No nausea at one hour 2.6 (1.1, 6.0)
Did not require rescue medication 3.7 (2.1, 6.6)
Improvement on an 11 point pain intensity scale
≥33% improvement in NRS at 2 hours 5.2 (2.2, 12.4)
≥50% improvement in NRS at 2 hours 3.1 (1.6, 6.0)
≥66% improvement in NRS at 2 hours 3.2 (1.9, 5.6)
≥90% improvement in NRS at 2 hours 3.5 (1.9, 6.2)

Adjusted ORs account for medication received and gender.

Headache relief= pain of mild or none

Sustained= achieving outcome within two hours and maintaining it for 24 hours