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. 2009 Sep 7;114(3):170–177. doi: 10.1080/03009730903174339

Table II.

Individual characteristics of students by status of depression.

Depression
Statistical analysis
Individual characteristics Yes n (%) 643 (78.2) No n (%) 179 (21.8) Total n (%) 822 (100.0) Chi-square; P
Smoking habit
 Yes 280 (71.6) 111 (28.4) 391 (47.6) 19.142; 0.000
 No 363 (84.2) 68 (15.8) 431 (52.4)
Alcohol consumption
 Yes 217 (71.9) 85 (28.1) 302 (36.7) 11.370; 0.001
 No 426 (81.9) 94 (18.1) 520 (63.3)
Any chronic disease
 Yes 91 (71.1) 37 (28.9) 128 (15.6) 4.525; 0.033
 No 552 (79.5) 142 (20.5) 694 (84.4)
Any physical defect
 Yes 52 (65.0) 28 (35.0) 80 (9.7) 9.098; 0.003
 No 591 (79.6) 151 (20.4) 742 (90.3)
Acne vulgaris on face
 Yes 243 (73.6) 87 (26.4) 330 (40.1) 6.812; 0.009
 No 400 (81.3) 92 (18.7) 492 (59.9)
Overweight/obese
 Yes 64 (80.0) 16 (20.0) 80 (9.7) 0.164; 0.685
 No 579 (78.0) 163 (22.0) 742 (90.3)
Family history of depression
 Yes 89 (68.5) 41 (31.5) 130 (15.8) 8.640; 0.003
 No 554 (80.1) 138 (19.9) 692 (84.2)