(A) Representative micrographs showing the in vitro transfection efficiency of Ad.LacZ in HUVECs. (B) Representative micrographs showing the in vitro transfection efficiency of Ad.Trx1 in HUVECs. (C) Representative micrographs showing the angiogenic potential of overexpressing Trx1 in HUVECs by in vitro Matrigel Assay. The tuburogenesis was significantly abolished by using Ad-sh-Trx1. (D) Representative Western Blots showing the effect of Ad.Trx1 transfection in HUVECs on Trx1, HO-1 and VEGF. The use of SnPP significantly reduced the expression of VEGF. Bar graphs (E), (F) and (G) represent the quantitative difference in expression of the Trx1, HO-1 and VEGF, respectively between the groups. Values are represented as mean ± SEM (n=3/group), *p≤0.05 when compared to the Ad.LacZ treated HUVEC controls and #p≤0.05 when compared to Ad.Trx1 treated HUVECs. Micrographs (H) and (I) represents the in vivo transfection efficiency of Ad.LacZ and Ad.Trx1 in the non-diabetic Sham operated groups. Scale bar = 50μm.