Relative risk for cardiovascular outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease. (A) ACEIs or ARBs Versus Placebo; (B) ACEIs or ARBs Versus Non-RAAS Antihypertensives. *P<0.05, †P=0.05. ACEI = angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ACM = all-cause mortality; ARB = angiotensin receptor blocker; CHF = congestive heart failure; CKD = chronic kidney disease; CVA = cerebrovascular accident; CVM = cardiovascular mortality; MCE = major cardiovascular event (eg, MI, CVA, coronary revascularization, unstable angina); MI = myocardial infarction; RAAS = renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. Adapted from Balamuthusamy et al. (Balamuthusamy et al. 2008)
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