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. 2010 Mar 31;11(1):36. doi: 10.1186/1465-9921-11-36

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Copyright ©2010 Wang et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Changes in Ang II levels and TGF-β1/Smad signaling activation in hamster lungs. (a) Ang II levels. Values are expressed as mean ± SD (n = 6). (b) Protein levels of TGF-β1, β-actin, p-Smad2, Smad2, p-Smad3 and Smad3 measured by Western blotting analysis. Images are representative of three independent experiments. Relative protein levels were assessed by densitometry. Control: control group; CS: cigarette smoke-exposed group; Chymo: chymostatin treatment. * P < 0.05, significant difference from the control group. # P < 0.05, significant difference from the smoke-exposed group.