. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Apr 12.

Published in final edited form as: J Exp Psychol Appl. 2009 Mar;15(1):12–24. doi: 10.1037/a0014947

Table 4. Summary of Means for the Working Memory, Processing Speed, Inductive Reasoning, and Task-Switching Tasks.

Group	Working memory: Operation span (no. words)	Processing speed: Dot comparison (ms)	Inductive reasoning: Letter series (%)	Task switching
Group	Working memory: Operation span (no. words)	Processing speed: Dot comparison (ms)	Inductive reasoning: Letter series (%)	Trail making A (s)	Trail making B (s)
Young controllers	16.44 (1.36)	1645.53 (56.83)	0.87 (0.02)	21.92 (1.36)	25.50 (1.95)
Old controllers	13.94 (1.87)	2319.08 (64.17)	0.71 (0.04)	30.34 (1.77)	35.28 (1.87)
Young noncontrollers	23.88 (5.74)	1678.07 (86.23)	0.87 (0.02)	42.08 (1.45)	47.37 (2.68)
Old noncontrollers	14.31 (3.37)	2379.94 (107.32)	0.71 (0.03)	62.84 (4.88)	76.42 (5.17)

Note. Standard errors appear within parentheses.