Table 3.
Odds ratios for dementia at 25 years of follow-up according to baseline respiratory function in 652 men from Finland and Italy
| APOE ε4 non-carriers | No dementia | Questionable to mild dementia | Moderate to severe dementia | p for trend∗ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of men | 358 | 125 | 17 | |
| FEV0.75 | ||||
| Model 1 | 1.00 | 0.84 (0.67–1.06) | 0.41 (0.25–0.68) | <0.001 |
| Model 2 | 1.00 | 0.86 (0.66–1.12) | 0.43 (0.24–0.76) | 0.002 |
| FVC | ||||
| Model 1 | 1.00 | 0.96 (0.76–1.21) | 0.56 (0.34–0.93) | 0.03 |
| Model 2 | 1.00 | 1.02 (0.76–1.36) | 0.59 (0.32–1.08) | 0.07 |
| APOE ε4 carriers | No dementia | Questionable to severe dementia | p |
|---|---|---|---|
| Number of men | 105 | 41 | |
| FEV0.75 | |||
| Model 1 | 1.00 | 1.57 (1.00–2.45) | 0.048 |
| Model 2 | 1.00 | 1.57 (0.87–2.85) | 0.14 |
| FVC | |||
| Model 1 | 1.00 | 1.59 (1.06–2.39) | 0.03 |
| Model 2 | 1.00 | 1.59 (0.91–2.77) | 0.10 |
Odds ratios are calculated per 1-SD increase in baseline respiratory function (z-scores of FEV0.75 and FVC) using multinomial logistic regression analysis. No dementia was defined as having a MMSE ≥ 27 or a Clinical Dementia Rating score of 0, questionable to mild dementia as a score of 0.5-1, and moderate to severe dementia as a score of 2-3 [20, 21].
Model 1: adjusted for country and age.
Model 2: adjusted for country, age, chronic disease including COPD, SES, job-related physical activity, marital status, smoking status, BMI, body height, and systolic blood pressure.
p for linear trend over the 3 groups for the mean values of respiratory function using polynomial contrast in multivariate analysis of variance.