Table 1.
Sample Characteristics According to Contraceptive Selected at Baseline
| Characteristic | OC (n = 245) |
DMPA (n = 240) |
NH (n = 218) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Number of study subjects (%) | |||
| Age | |||
| 16–24 y | 113 (54.3) | 136 (56.7) | 100 (45.9) |
| 25–33 y | 112 (45.7) | 104 (43.3) | 118 (54.1) |
| Race | |||
| Black | 73 (29.8) | 72 (30.0) | 55 (25.2) |
| White | 82 (33.5) | 82 (34.2) | 83 (38.1) |
| Hispanic | 90 (36.7) | 86 (35.8) | 80 (36.7) |
| Current smoker | 57 (23.3)a | 87 (36.3)b | 48 (22.0) |
| Weight-bearing exercise >120 min/wk | 104 (43.2) | 86 (36.3) | 80 (37.5) |
| History of previous DMPA injection | 63 (25.7) | 107 (44.6) | 84 (38.5) |
| Mean ± SD | |||
| Weight, kg | 73.3 ± 17.7 | 71.8 ± 19.2 | 73.2 ± 18.6 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 27.9 ± 6.4 | 27.2 ± 6.9 | 28.3 ± 7.0 |
| Fat mass, kg | 27.0 ± 11.2 | 25.6 ± 12.1 | 27.2 ± 11.7 |
| Fat mass, % of total | 36.4 ± 7.4 | 34.8 ± 8.4 | 36.7 ± 7.5 |
| Trunk fat, kg | 12.5 ± 6.2 | 11.9 ± 6.6 | 12.9 ± 6.5 |
| Trunk fat limb fat ratio | 0.89 ± 0.23 | 0.89 ± 0.22 | 0.93 ± 0.25 |
| Lean mass, kg | 44.5 ± 7.3 | 44.4 ± 8.0 | 44.1 ± 7.7 |
| Age at menarche, y | 12.2 ± 1.5 | 12.5 ± 1.7 | 12.2 ± 1.6 |
| Parity | 0.86 ± 1.05c | 1.13 ± 1.17d | 1.56 ± 1.47 |
| Previous use of pill (months) | 21.9 ± 31.8 | 16.9 ± 29.6 | 17.7 ± 28.6 |
| Previous use of DMPA injection (#)† | 1.4 ± 3.5e | 3.5 ± 6.5f | 2.6 ± 5.2 |
| Alcohol use, gm/day | 1.6 ± 8.7 | 1.2 ± 6.1 | 2.3 ± 14.5 |
OC = oral contraceptive; DMPA = depot medroxyprogesterone acetate; NH = nonhormonal contraception; BMI = body mass index; SD = standard deviation.
P<.01 for OC vs. DMPA
P<.01 for DMPA vs. NH
P<.001 for OC vs. NH
P<.001 for DMPA vs. NH
P<.034 for OC vs. NH
P<.001 for DMPA vs. OC.
Overall mean duration of DMPA use was 4.2 months for OC users, 10.4 months for DMPA users (24 months for prior users) and 7.8 months for NH contraception users.
One-way analysis of variance with Bonferroni correction was used for continuous variables and chi-square tests were used for categorical variables. To identify specific pairwise differences for categorical variables, we created separate 2×2 tables for each of the pairs and used chi square tests. To adjust for multiple comparison, P<.017 (.05/3) was used to indicate the statistical significance between any two contraceptive groups.