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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Apr 13.
Published in final edited form as: Urology. 2007 Apr;69(4):721–725. doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2006.12.020

Table 2.

Risk of prostate cancer by smoking status in male participants of the Washington County, Maryland private censuses in 1963 and 1975

1963
 1975
Smoking status Cases Person-years RR1 95% CI Cases Person-years RR1 95% CI
Total follow-up2
Never smoker 34 51,474 1.00 ref. 94 89,789 1.00 ref.
Cigarette smoker
 Former 43 52,141 1.33 0.85–2.10 128 83,951 1.04 0.80–1.36
 Current 45 146,956 1.00 0.63–1.59 85 124,340 0.98 0.73–1.33
  Current, < 10 cig./d 5 21,166 0.52 0.20–1.33 10 10,129 1.12 0.58–2.15
  Current, 10–19 cig./d 23 76,515 1.03 0.60–1.79 49 72,145 0.95 0.67–1.35
  Current, 20+ cig./d 17 49,275 1.38 0.75–2.54 26 42,066 1.01 0.65–1.57
Cigar/pipe smoker3 25 17,117 1.25 0.75–2.10 44 22,431 1.19 0.83–1.70
First 10 years of follow-up4
Never smoker 30 44,671 1.00 ref. 69 71,790 1.00 ref.
Cigarette smoker
 Former 40 44,220 1.44 0.89–2.32 96 68,951 1.03 0.76–1.40
 Current 34 126,251 0.90 0.54–1.51 69 104,909 1.08 0.76–1.53
  Current, < 10 cig./d 5 18,455 0.60 0.23–1.56 8 8,707 1.16 0.56–2.42
  Current, 10–19 cig./d 15 65,749 0.81 0.43–1.53 38 61,278 0.99 0.66–1.48
  Current, 20+ cig./d 14 42,047 1.38 0.71–2.67 23 34,924 1.25 0.77–2.03
Cigar/pipe smoker3 23 14,772 1.28 0.74–2.20 25 15,642 0.93 0.59–1.47
1

RR = rate ratio; adjusted for age as a continuous variable

2

Total follow-up was restricted to 1978 (1963 census; 15 years) and to 1994 (1975 census; 19 years), respectively

3

Assessed as ever smoked cigar or pipe in the 1963 census and as current cigar or pipe smoker in the 1975 census

4

Because weighting factors were applied for the probability of still being a resident in Washington County, MD, the majority of men had less than 10 years of follow-up, and the person-years for the first ten years of follow-up are close to total follow-up.