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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Apr 13.
Published in final edited form as: Urology. 2007 Apr;69(4):721–725. doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2006.12.020

Table 3.

Risk of prostate cancer death by smoking status in male participants of the Washington County, Maryland private censuses in 1963 and 1975

1963
 1975
Smoking status Cases Person-years RR1 95% CI Cases Person-years RR1 95% CI
Total follow-up2
Never smoker 56 156,970 1.00 ref. 44 165,800 1.00 ref.
Cigarette smoker
 Former 57 132,351 1.01 0.70–1.46 61 148,897 1.02 0.69–1.50
 Current 104 403,335 0.93 0.67–1.29 59 235,864 1.25 0.84–1.87
  Current, < 10 cig./d 21 63,601 1.11 0.67–1.84 5 17,971 1.12 0.44–2.82
  Current, 10–19 cig./d 49 212,862 0.85 0.57–1.25 31 138,824 1.11 0.70–1.77
  Current, 20+ cig./d 34 126,872 0.95 0.62–1.47 23 77,064 1.58 0.94–2.64
Cigar/pipe smoker3 23 42,184 0.94 0.58–1.54 20 33,450 1.31 0.77–2.22
First 10 years of follow-up
Never smoker 7 50,667 1.00 ref. 5 71,971 1.00 ref.
Cigarette smoker
 Former 16 46,023 2.75 1.13–6.74 12 69,489 1.92 0.67–5.49
 Current 16 135,882 2.38 0.94–5.99 8 106,476 2.21 0.69–7.08
  Current, < 10 cig./d 4 20,885 2.37 0.69–8.14 1 8,886 2.25 0.26–19.4
  Current, 10–19 cig./d 7 71,217 2.11 0.71–6.25 4 62,300 1.82 0.47–7.01
  Current, 20+ cig./d 5 43,780 2.95 0.89–9.78 3 35,290 3.25 0.72–14.7
Cigar/pipe smokerc 4 15,558 0.90 0.26–3.07 1 15,654 0.49 0.06–4.20
1

RR = rate ratio; adjusted for age as a continuous variable

2

Total follow-up was not restricted and lasted until 2000 (men who were not diagnosed with cancer and were still alive were censored at the end of the study period in 2000)

3

Assessed as ever smoked cigar or pipe in the 1963 census and as current cigar or pipe smoker in the 1975 census