Table 3.

Multivariate Analysis for Level of Emergency Medical Service Response

	ALS*	+ALS *	BLS + ALS*
Overall, OR (95% CI)
Unadjusted	1.0	1.00 (0.60–1.66)	0.84 (0.19–1.42)
Adjusted†	1.0	0.80 (0.37–1.75)	1.04 (0.51–2.15)
GCS†
>8	1.0	1.27 (0.46–3.59)	0.92 (0.30–2.82)
≤8	1.0	0.51 (0.14–1.90)	1.74 (0.45–7.00)
ISS†
>25	1.0	0.45 (0.11–1.76)	0.30 (0.05–1.83)
≤25	1.0	1.05 (0.43–2.54)	1.44 (0.64–3.24)

^*ALS, patients for whom advance life support (ALS) was initially dispatched; +ALS, patients for whom dispatch upgraded to ALS before basic life support (BLS) arrived on the scene; BLS + ALS, Patients for whom BLS arrived on the scene and requested ALS assistance.

^†adjusted for maximum anatomic injury score, injury severity score, age, gender, mechanism of injury, maximum scene pulse, minimum scene respiratory rate, minimum scene systolic blood pressure, Glasgow coma scale and injury year.

GCS, Glasgow Coma Score; ISS, Injury Severity Score; AIS, Abbreviated Injury Score.