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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Apr 13.
Published in final edited form as: J Biomech Eng. 2003 Oct;125(5):602–614. doi: 10.1115/1.1611512

Table 1.

Molecular weights (MW) and diffusion coefficients for various solutes in aqueous solution (D0) or in a tissue/gel environment (D). Rd is calculated with volumetric water fractions (φw) obtained from the literature. When not explicitly given, water content of cartilage is taken as 0.79, from Torzilli [42]. PFG – patellar femoral groove, FH – femoral head.

Solute MW Gel D (m2/s) Dwf (m2/s) φw Rd Ref
Glucose (7 uM) 180 mature bovine cartilage 4.83E-10 9.66E-10 0.79 0.63 [87]
Dextran (0.4 uM) 20000 mature bovine cartilage 1.58E-10 3.16E-10 0.79 0.63 [87]
H-1H20 18 bovine cartilage 1.38E-09 2.34E-09 0.79 0.74 [7]
Na-23NaCl (0.5 M) 58.5 bovine cartilage 7.56E-10 1.22E-09 0.79 0.78 [7]
F-19CF3CO2 (0.03 M) 113 bovine cartilage 5.92E-10 9.70E-10 0.79 0.77 [7]
H-1glucose (0.05 M) 180 bovine cartilage 3.13E-10 5.30E-10 0.79 0.74 [7]
Gd-DTPA 530 calf FPG cartilage 1.40E-10 4.00E-10 0.79 0.43 [11]
Gd-lysozyme 14300 calf FPG cartilage 2.50E-11 8.70E-11 0.79 0.38 [11]
Gd-trypsinogen 24000 calf FPG cartilage 5.00E-12 7.00E-11 0.79 0.10 [11]
Gd-ovalbumin 45000 calf FPG cartilage 4.00E-12 5.20E-11 0.79 0.09 [11]
Na+ 23 human adult cartilage 4.60E-10 1.15E-09 0.79 0.51 [2]
Cl− 35.5 human adult cartilage 7.20E-10 1.80E-09 0.79 0.51 [2]
Inulin 5000 human FH adult cartilage 2.23E-11 3.23E-11 0.79 0.87 [8]
IGF-1 7600 calf bovine cartilage 6.30E-12 3.23E-11 0.79 0.25 [8, 60]
BSA 67000 5% agarose, 0.1 M NaCl 4.40E-11 6.90E-11 0.95 0.66 [88]
BSA 67000 2% agarose, 0.1 M NaCl 5.30E-11 6.97E-11 0.98 0.78 [88]
BSA (1.5% w/w) 67000 2% agarose 5.65E-11 6.98E-11 0.98 0.83 [88]
BSA (1.5% w/w) 67000 4% agarose 4.76E-11 7.00E-11 0.96 0.71 [88]
BSA (1.5% w/w) 67000 6% agarose 4.14E-11 7.02E-11 0.94 0.63 [88]
pullulans P5 5900 5% agarose 9.60E-11 1.24E-10 0.95 0.81 [88]
pullulans P20 22800 5% agarose 4.90E-11 6.30E-11 0.95 0.82 [88]
pullulans P100 112000 5% agarose 1.70E-11 3.10E-11 0.95 0.60 [88]
Lactalbumin 14200 3.9% Agarose 6.31E-11 1.01E-10 0.96 0.65 [89]
ovalbumin 45000 3.9% Agarose 4.00E-11 7.15E-11 0.96 0.58 [89]
BSA 68000 3.9% Agarose 3.40E-11 5.97E-11 0.96 0.59 [89]
Ficoll 21300 3.9% Agarose 4.31E-11 7.06E-11 0.96 0.63 [89]
Ficoll 105000 3.9% Agarose 1.34E-11 3.44E-11 0.96 0.41 [89]
Lactalbumin 14200 7.5% Agarose 3.23E-11 1.01E-10 0.93 0.35 [89]
ovalbumin 45000 7.5% Agarose 2.04E-11 7.15E-11 0.93 0.31 [89]
BSA 68000 7.5% Agarose 1.64E-11 5.97E-11 0.93 0.30 [89]
Ficoll 21300 7.5% Agarose 2.29E-11 7.06E-11 0.93 0.35 [89]
Ficoll 105000 7.5% Agarose 7.40E-12 3.44E-11 0.93 0.23 [89]