Table 3.

Relative risks of mortality in participants who had low morale and moderate morale vs those with high morale (reference group)

	Unadjusted		Model 1		Model 2
	Relative risk	95% CI	Relative risk	95% CI	Relative risk	95% CI
Participants with low morale (n = 1,163)	1.69***	1.29–2.21	1.35*	1.01–1.80	1.35*	1.00–1.81
Participants with moderate morale (n = 870)	1.47**	1.10–1.94	1.17	0.87–1.56	1.16	0.87–1.56
Participants with high morale (n = 483) (reference category)	1.00	–	1.00	–	1.00	–

Model 1: adjusted for age in years, gender, marital status, nighttime sleep duration, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, osteoarthritis, dementia, stroke, Parkinson's disease and number of medications.

Model 2: adjusted for age in years, gender, education, geographical area, marital status, nighttime sleep duration, number of offspring, smoker, drinker, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, heart disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, osteoarthritis, dementia, stroke, Parkinson's disease, ET, number of medications, depressive symptoms or antidepressant use.

^*P < 0.05,

^**P < 0.01,

^***P < 0.001.