Table 4.
Population-attributable prevalence fractions for 90th centile of WHODAS 2.0 scores and health disorders
| Cuba | Dominican Republic | Urban Peru | Rural Peru | Venezuela | Urban Mexico | Rural Mexico | Urban China | Rural China | Urban India | Rural India | PAPF (IQR) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dementia | 43·6% | 25·1% | 43·2% | 22·5% | 19·2% | 22·4% | 21·6% | 35·1% | 38·9% | 19·9% | 26·1% | 25·1% (19·2–43·6) |
| Hypertension | * | 14·4%† | 2·1%† | * | 18·3%† | 11·8%† | 13·8%† | * | 16·8%† | 15·9%† | * | 14·4% (2·1–18·3) |
| Stroke | 11·4% | 7·9% | 21·4% | 13·8% | 12·3% | 15·4% | 7·5%† | 21·1%† | 1·8%† | 6·2% | 5·0%† | 11·4% (1·8–21·4) |
| Paralysis or weakness of limb(s) | 10·5% | 21·3% | 7·1% | 5·7%† | 11·6% | 7·5%† | 10·4% | 30·5% | 33·8% | 7·9% | 11·3% | 10·5% (5·7–33·8) |
| Arthritis or rheumatism | 9·9% | 14·1% | 8·9% | 3·2%† | 21·1% | 9·4% | 21·6% | 3·3%† | 5·6%† | 14·4% | 34·8% | 9·9% (3·2–34·8) |
| Depression | 8·3% | 23·0% | 7·8% | 15·4% | 10·8% | 6·2% | 12·4% | 0·5%† | 1·7% | 8·3% | 1·2%† | 8·3% (0·5–23·0) |
| Eyesight problems | 17·6% | 5·1% | * | * | 6·8%† | 5·4%† | * | 1·7%† | 10·8%† | 12·1% | 17·2% | 6·8% (1·7–17·6) |
| Stomach or intestine problems | 3·3% | 14·1% | * | 10·5%† | 4·8%† | 6·5%† | 23·1% | * | 0·3%† | 2·5%† | 7·9% | 6·5% (0·3–23·1) |
| Diabetes | 2·5%† | * | 3·3% | 8·3% | 5·1% | 4·1%† | 10·9% | 5·0%† | 0·3%† | 3·2%† | * | 4·1% (0·3–10·9) |
| Difficulty breathing or asthma | 5·3% | 8·9% | * | 2·2%† | * | 4·3%† | 2·1%† | 3·7%† | 3·2%† | * | 8·5% | 3·7% (2·1–8·9) |
| Hearing difficulties | 2·2%† | 8·9% | 1·4% | * | 6·1% | 9·3% | 1·1%† | * | 3·0%† | 0·8%† | * | 2·2% (0·8–9·3) |
| COPD | <0·1%† | 2·5%† | * | * | 5·1%† | 1·7%† | 7·2%† | 7·4%† | 3·3%† | * | * | 3·3% (<0·1–7·4) |
| Persistent cough | 1·4% | * | 1·3%† | * | 5·4%† | 2·2%† | * | * | 2·3%† | 5·0%† | 5·3% | 2·3% (1·3–5·4) |
| Fainting or blackouts | 0·8%† | 1·2% | 2·1%† | * | * | 0·5%† | * | 1·2%† | 2·2%† | * | 17·1% | 1·2% (0·5–17·1) |
| Heart problems | * | 1·6%† | 4·4%† | * | 1·8%† | * | 0·3%† | 15·9% | 0·9%† | 3·2%† | 0·5%† | 1·6% (0·5–15·9) |
| Skin disorders | 1·3% | 4·4% | 4·5%† | 3·1% | * | 2·1%† | * | * | * | <0·1%† | 0·2%† | 2·1% (<0·1–4·5) |
| Myocardial infarction or angina | 3·1%† | * | * | 0·8%† | 4·7% | * | * | * | * | * | 0·8%† | 0·8% (0·8–4·7) |
| Total | 68·3% | 74·5% | 62·7% | 40·1% | 68·3% | 64·3% | 68·3% | 65·1% | 69·2% | 61·8% | 67·6% | 67·6% (40·1–74·5) |
PAPF=population-attributable prevalence fraction. COPD=chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. WHODAS=WHO disability assessment schedule.
*
Inverse associations, which were assigned a PAPF value of zero for the purpose of calculation of median population-attributable prevalence fractions.
†
Calculated from associations that were not significant.