Table 3. Student and parent religiosity predicting high school graduation and including social capital (N = 8,137).
| m1 b/se |
m2 b/se |
m3 b/se |
m4 b/se |
m5 b/se |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parental Religiosity | 0.115** (0.039) |
0.114** (0.039) |
0.120** (0.039) |
0.113** (0.039) |
0.119** (0.039) |
| Student Religiosity | 0.032 (0.030) |
0.033 (0.030) |
0.022 (0.030) |
0.036 (0.030) |
0.030 (0.030) |
| Attended church with parents | 0.354* (0.140) |
0.353* (0.139) |
0.360* (0.143) |
0.349* (0.140) |
0.332* (0.139) |
| Relationship with parents | −0.038 (0.035) |
||||
| Parent contact with student's friends' parents | 0.012 (0.037) |
||||
| Student's educational expectations | 0.251*** (0.038) |
||||
| Parent's educational expectations | 0.125* (0.056) |
||||
| Parental interactions about school | 0.113** (0.035) |
||||
| Conservative Prot. | −0.444* (0.175) |
−0.444* (0.177) |
−0.446* (0.175) |
−0.451* (0.176) |
−0.419* (0.174) |
| No Religion | −0.023 (0.248) |
−0.023 (0.248) |
−0.039 (0.245) |
0.003 (0.246) |
−0.015 (0.246) |
| Catholic | 0.018 (0.184) |
0.015 (0.184) |
0.007 (0.183) |
0.013 (0.184) |
0.010 (0.180) |
| Other Religion | −0.329 (0.327) |
−0.334 (0.327) |
−0.304 (0.333) |
−0.350 (0.328) |
−0.327 (0.323) |
| Verbal Ability | 0.048*** (0.005) |
0.048*** (0.005) |
0.047*** (0.005) |
0.047*** (0.005) |
0.048*** (0.005) |
| Low math placement in 9th grade | 0.131 (0.132) |
0.134 (0.133) |
0.167 (0.132) |
0.132 (0.133) |
0.138 (0.132) |
| Student ever held back | −0.883*** (0.103) |
−0.883*** (0.103) |
−0.853*** (0.103) |
−0.874*** (0.104) |
−0.886*** (0.103) |
| Student ever skipped a grade | −0.473 (0.399) |
−0.493 (0.394) |
−0.548 (0.417) |
−0.487 (0.401) |
−0.484 (0.401) |
| Number of unexcused absences | −0.026*** (0.006) |
−0.026*** (0.006) |
−0.024*** (0.006) |
−0.026*** (0.006) |
−0.025*** (0.006) |
| Ever been suspended | −0.720*** (0.103) |
−0.727*** (0.103) |
−0.684*** (0.107) |
−0.732*** (0.104) |
−0.730*** (0.105) |
| Ever been expelled | −0.324 (0.208) |
−0.326 (0.208) |
−0.267 (0.218) |
−0.304 (0.210) |
−0.315 (0.209) |
| Strategic personality | 0.019 (0.028) |
0.023 (0.027) |
0.007 (0.027) |
0.023 (0.027) |
0.018 (0.028) |
| Social desirability index | −0.326** (0.112) |
−0.308** (0.117) |
−0.307** (0.114) |
−0.311** (0.117) |
−0.308** (0.114) |
| Parent reports student has “bad temper” | −0.081 (0.117) |
−0.091 (0.118) |
−0.058 (0.115) |
−0.075 (0.118) |
−0.089 (0.117) |
| Female | 0.110 (0.114) |
0.096 (0.110) |
0.034 (0.112) |
0.098 (0.111) |
0.094 (0.110) |
| Age at Wave I | 0.185*** (0.042) |
0.181*** (0.043) |
0.203*** (0.045) |
0.176*** (0.043) |
0.184*** (0.043) |
| Hispanic | 0.150 (0.167) |
0.150 (0.171) |
0.156 (0.167) |
0.145 (0.169) |
0.138 (0.166) |
| African American | 0.733*** (0.202) |
0.735*** (0.202) |
0.678*** (0.197) |
0.740*** (0.204) |
0.718*** (0.198) |
| Other Race | −0.129 (0.258) |
−0.141 (0.259) |
−0.155 (0.248) |
−0.151 (0.259) |
−0.173 (0.264) |
| Asian | 0.863 (0.454) |
0.866 (0.457) |
0.827 (0.489) |
0.854 (0.441) |
0.846 (0.456) |
| Single parent family | 0.020 (0.149) |
0.021 (0.149) |
−0.010 (0.148) |
0.005 (0.150) |
0.105 (0.156) |
| Stepparent family | −0.102 (0.155) |
−0.101 (0.155) |
−0.127 (0.156) |
−0.124 (0.156) |
−0.063 (0.156) |
| Other family structures | −0.593* (0.256) |
−0.571* (0.257) |
−0.553* (0.259) |
−0.576* (0.257) |
−0.552* (0.256) |
| Parental Education — No HS | −0.624** (0.191) |
−0.628** (0.191) |
−0.614** (0.195) |
−0.617** (0.191) |
−0.637** (0.193) |
| Parental Education — Bachelors | 0.494* (0.204) |
0.484* (0.206) |
0.401 (0.204) |
0.481* (0.203) |
0.475* (0.202) |
| Parental Education — Graduate | 0.954** (0.336) |
0.945** (0.333) |
0.826* (0.339) |
0.960** (0.337) |
0.938** (0.332) |
| Household Income/10000 | 0.091** (0.031) |
0.090** (0.031) |
0.079* (0.030) |
0.087** (0.031) |
0.086** (0.031) |
| Missing Income | −0.047 (0.160) |
−0.040 (0.161) |
−0.020 (0.164) |
−0.030 (0.162) |
−0.023 (0.161) |
| _cons | −5.459*** (1.205) |
−5.996*** (1.043) |
−6.842*** (1.104) |
−6.407*** (1.093) |
−6.215*** (1.047) |
*
p < .05;
**
p < .01;
***
p < .001.