Table 1. Chemical and Physical Data of d-Glucose.

chemical name (IUPAC)	6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-2,3,4,5-tetrol
synonym	dextrose
varieties	α-d-glucose; β-d-glucose
appearance	colorless crystals or white crystalline powder
abbreviation	Glc
chemical formula	C6H12O6
molecular mass	180.16 g/mol
melting point	α-d-glucose: 146 °C
	β-d-glucose: 150 °C
	α-d-glucose·monohydrate: 86 °C
specific rotation, (α)20D (water)	α-d-glucose: +112.2° (c = 4)
	β-d-glucose: +17.5° (c = 4)
	α-d-glucose·monohydrate: +102°
density	1.54 g/cm3
solubility (in water)	0.909 g/mL (25 °C)
CAS number	50-99-7
PubChem	5793
reactivity of hydroxyl groups	1 ≫ 6 > 2,3 > 4

NMR data (D2O)
α-d-glucopyranose			β-d-glucopyranose
1H δ (ppm)	J (Hz)	13C δ (ppm)	1H δ (ppm)	J (Hz)	13C δ (ppm)
5.22	3.5	93.6, 92.9d	4.63	7.9	97.4, 96.7d
In α-glucan chains
reducing end
−(1,4)-α-d-Glc			−(1,6)-α-d-Glc
5.22b	3.7b	92.9a	5.00e		92.0a
internal
−α-d-Glc-α-d-Glc-(1,4)-α-d-Glc−			−α-d-Glc-α-d-Glc-(1,6)-α-d-Glc−
5.31−5.40b	3.7b	100.6a,100.2−100.9b	4.96b	3.7b	98.6a, 99.3b
nonreducing end
α-d-Glc-(1,4)−			α-d-Glc-(1,6)−
5.35c	3.8c	100.8a	4.89e		98.5a

^aRef (306).

^bRef (107).

^cRef (200).

^dRef (307).

^eRef (269).