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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Future Oncol. 2010 Mar;6(3):457–470. doi: 10.2217/fon.09.174

Figure 3. Suppression of AMPK results in loss of metabolic checkpoints.

Figure 3

AMPK could be suppressed in metabolic syndrome and by activated Akt owing to mutation of PTEN or PI3K, or activated ERK/RSK due to Ras or B-Raf, leading to a loss of metabolic checkpoints. Likewise, increased insulin and IGF1 associated with metabolic syndrome can inhibit AMPK and stimulate cell proliferation, hyperplasia and malignant growth of cancer cells.