X-DIM-C-pPhC6H5 activates PPARγ in SW480 cells. (A) Activation of X-DIM-C-pPhC6H5. SW480 cells were transfected with PPARγ-Gal4/pGal4 and treated with DMSO or different concentrations of X-DIM-C-pPhC6H5 (X=H, X=NO2, X=Br, X=OH, X=Me and X=OMe), and luciferase activity was determined as described in Materials and Methods. (B) Activation of PPARγ-active DIM-C-pPhCF3, DIM-C-pPhtBu and DIM-C-pPhC6H5 and their 5,5'-dimethyl and 5,5'-dihydroxy derivatives. SW480 cells were treated as in (A), and luciferase activity was determined as described in Materials and Methods. Columns = mean of three replicate determinations for each treatment group; bars = SE. * = P<0.05, significant induction. (C) Effects of PPARγ antagonist T007 on induced transactivation in SW480 cells transfected with PPARγ-GAL4/pGAL4. Induction of luciferase activity by DIM-C-pPhC6H5 and the 5,5’-dihydroxy and 5,5'-dimethyl analogs was inhibited in cells cotreated with 10 µM T007, a PPARγ antagonist. Columns = mean of three replicate determinations for each treatment group; bars = SE; * = P<0.05, significant induction; ** = P<0.05, significant inhibition.