TABLE 2.

Lifestyle determinants of telomere length (change in z score) in 2284 women from the Nurses’ Health Study¹

	Mean ± SE	P	Mean ± SE	P	Mean ± SE	P	Mean ± SE	P	Mean ± SE	P	Mean ± SE	P	P for trend
Pack-years	None: 0.01 ± 0.06	Ref	<10: −0.02 ± 0.07	0.64	10–25: 0.05 ± 0.08	0.58	25–30: −0.09 ± 0.10	0.30	30–35: 0.04 ± 0.13	0.83	>35: −0.004 ± 0.08	0.83	0.77
Smoking (%)	Never: 0.002 ± 0.06	Ref	Past quit <10 y: 0.05 ± 0.07	0.46	Past quit >10 y: −0.007 ± 0.07	0.87	Current 1–14: 0.04 ± 0.11	0.71	Current 15–24: −0.06 ± 0.11	0.58	Current ≥25: 0.005 ± 0.15	0.99	—
Postmenopausal hormone use (%)	Never: 0.05 ± 0.06	Ref	Past <5 y: −0.01 ± 0.07	0.33	Past ≥5 y: 0.09 ± 0.17	0.84	Current <5 y: −0.004 ± 0.06	0.30	Current ≥5 y: −0.06 ± 0.10	0.20	—	—	—
BMI (kg/m2)	18.5 to <25: 0.10 ± 0.06	Ref	25–29: −0.01 ± 0.06	0.02	30–34: 0.07 ± 0.09	0.66	≥35: −0.14 ± 0.12	0.03	—	—	—	—	0.07
Waist (inches)(n = 1837)	≤28 (71.1 cm): 0.13 ± 0.06	Ref	28–32 (71.1–81.3 cm): 0.06 ± 0.07	0.27	≥32 (81.3 cm): −0.02 ± 0.07	0.01	—	—	—	—	—	—	0.02
Waist:hip ratio (n = 1830)	<0.74: 0.14 ± 0.07	Ref	0.74–0.79: 0.06 ± 0.06	0.20	≥0.80: −0.05 ± 0.07	0.003	—	—	—	—	—	—	0.14
Physical activity (METs/wk)	Q1: −0.03 ± 0.07	Ref	Q2: 0.02 ± 0.07	0.39	Q3: 0.07 ± 0.08	0.13	Q4: 0.05 ± 0.08	0.22	Q5: −0.09 ± 0.07	0.43	—	—	0.13

¹n = 2284 except for waist (n = 1837) and waist:hip ratio (n = 1830). Multivariable linear regression with adjustment for age, smoking, postmenopausal hormone use, BMI, physical activity, and intakes of polyunsaturated fatty acids, saturated fatty acids, trans fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, energy, cereal fiber, and protein. METs, metabolic equivalent tasks; Ref, reference; Q, quintile.