TABLE 3.

Adjusted mean absolute change (in g/cm²) from baseline in bone mineral density (BMD) by baseline protein intake¹

	Year 1 (n = 423)		Year 2 (n = 378)		Year 3 (n = 224)
BMD site	Per 1% of energy	P value	Per 1% of energy	P value	Per 1% of energy	P value
Total protein intake (% of energy)
Hip	−0.0002	0.64	0	0.99	−0.0002	0.88
Spine	−0.0004	0.51	−0.0008	0.28	0.0004	0.71
Whole body	0.0005	0.29	−0.0004	0.43	−0.0012	0.19
Animal protein (% of energy)
Hip	−0.0002	0.67	0.0002	0.83	−0.0002	0.87
Spine	−0.0004	0.54	−0.0008	0.31	0.0005	0.69
Whole body	0.0004	0.36	−0.0005	0.4	−0.0011	0.21
Vegetable protein (% of energy)
Hip	−0.0017	0.15	−0.003	0.11	−0.0023	0.4
Spine	−0.0015	0.29	−0.0016	0.37	−0.0019	0.5
Whole body	0.0008	0.43	−0.0011	0.4	0.0009	0.69

¹Values were adjusted for age, BMI, physical activity, smoking, recent depot medroxyprogesterone acetate exposure, energy intake, phosphorous, and magnesium. Models estimating associations by type of protein intake (animal/vegetable) contain terms for each type of protein in multivariable linear regression models.