Table 2.

Comparisons of Caregiving Strain Groups to Noncaregivers after Adjusting for Demographic Covariate Effects

Variable	No Strain Caregivers	Moderate Strain Caregivers	High Strain Caregivers
PCS
Adjusted Mean Difference	0.82*	0.03	−1.90**
Standardized Effect	0.08	0.00	−0.18
MCS
Adjusted Mean Difference	1.29**	−0.90**	−6.55**
Standardized Effect	0.16	−0.11	−0.83
CESD-4
Adjusted Mean Difference	−0.27**	0.06	1.61**
Standardized Effect	−0.12	0.03	0.74
# of Friends
Adjusted Mean Difference	0.08	−0.16	−0.73*
Standardized Effect	0.01	−0.02	−0.10
# of Relatives
Adjusted Mean Difference	0.89**	−0.08	−1.35**
Standardized Effect	0.11	−0.01	−0.17
# of social contacts seen per month.
Adjusted Mean Difference	1.31**	0.11	−1.12**
Standardized Effect	0.17	0.01	−0.14

Note: All effects after adjusting for race, gender, age, and education. PCS = Physical Component Summary score of the SF-12. MCS = Mental Component Summary score of the SF-12. CESD-4 = 4-item Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression scale

^*significantly different from 0, p < .0167

^**significantly different from 0, p < .0001