Table 1.
Sociodemographic and Clinical Characteristics of the Sample
| N (%)1 | Mean (SD) | Missing N (%2) | Imputed Sample (N = 18,939) N (%) / M (SD) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sociodemographic Characteristics | ||||
| Gender | 52 (.3) | |||
| Male | 5542 (29.3) | 5560 (29.4) | ||
| Female | 13345 (70.7) | 13379 (70.6) | ||
| Race | 315 (1.7) | |||
| White | 15130 (81.2) | 15379 (81.2) | ||
| Black | 3351 (18.0) | 3417 (18.0) | ||
| Other | 143 (0.8) | 143 (0.8) | ||
| Age (range = 65–106) | 79.26 (7.64) | 0 | 79.26 (7.64) | |
| 65–74 | 5515 (29.1) | 5515 (29.1) | ||
| 75–84 | 8553 (45.2) | 8553 (45.2) | ||
| 85+ | 4871 (25.7) | 4871 (25.7) | ||
| Education | 469 (2.5) | |||
| ≤ 8th grade | 5282 (28.6) | 5415 (28.6) | ||
| 9th–11th grades | 4482 (24.3) | 4600 (24.3) | ||
| High school graduate | 7883 (42.7) | 8093 (42.7) | ||
| College degree or more | 823 (4.4) | 831 (4.4) | ||
| Marital status | 210 (1.1) | |||
| Married | 6046 (32.3) | 6104 (32.2) | ||
| Widowed | 9954 (53.2) | 10078 (53.2) | ||
| Separated/divorced | 2050 (10.9) | 2076 (11.0) | ||
| Never married | 679 (3.6) | 681 (3.6) | ||
| Living arrangements | 603 (3.2) | |||
| Alone | 7233 (39.4) | 7426 (39.3) | ||
| With spouse | 5520 (30.1) | 5698 (30.1) | ||
| With child | 3716 (20.3) | 3867 (20.4) | ||
| With others | 1867 (10.2) | 1948 (10.2) | ||
| Program | 0 | |||
| Medicaid Waiver | 8753 (46.2) | 8753 (46.2) | ||
| Care Management | 10186 (53.8) | 10186 (53.8) | ||
| Medicaid | 820 (4.3) | |||
| Yes | 6450 (35.6) | 6769 (35.7) | ||
| No | 11669 (64.4) | 12170 (64.3) | ||
| Private insurance | 858 (4.5) | |||
| Yes | 2415 (13.3) | 2533 (13.4) | ||
| No | 15666 (86.7) | 16406 (86.6) | ||
| Clinical Characteristics | ||||
| ADL limitations (range = 0–7) | 3.03 (2.54) | 2058 (10.9) | 3.03 (2.51) | |
| 0–1 ADL | 6452 (38.2) | 7019 (37.1) | ||
| 2–4 ADL | 4377 (25.9) | 5296 (27.9) | ||
| 5–7 ADL | 6052 (35.9) | 6624 (35.0) | ||
| IADL limitations (range = 0–7) | 5.95 (1.21) | 1635 (8.6) | 5.94 (1.20) | |
| 0–3 IADL | 507 (2.9) | 537 (2.8) | ||
| 4–5 IADL | 4581 (26.5) | 5173 (27.3) | ||
| 6–7 IADL | 12216 (70.6) | 13229 (69.9) | ||
| Cognitive impairment (range = 0–6) | 1.47 (1.52) | 221 (1.2) | 1.47 (1.52) | |
| Cognitively intact | 10666 (57.0) | 10774 (56.9) | ||
| Mild to moderate | 6369 (34.0) | 6463 (34.1) | ||
| impairment | ||||
| Severe impairment | 1683 (9.0) | 1702 (9.0) | ||
| Disease burden (range = 0–29) | 5.27 (2.45) | 261 (1.4) | 5.27 (2.45) | |
| 0 to 2 diseases | 2178 (11.6) | 2214 (11.7) | ||
| 3 to 6 diseases | 11278 (60.4) | 11425 (60.3) | ||
| 7 to 17 diseases | 5222 (28.0) | 5300 (28.0) | ||
| Pain (range = 0–3) | 1.42 (1.17) | 318 (1.7) | 1.41 (1.17) | |
| No pain | 5840 (31.4) | 5914 (31.2) | ||
| Pain less than daily | 3907 (21.0) | 4006 (21.2) | ||
| Pain daily, not intense | 4176 (22.4) | 4267 (22.5) | ||
| Pain daily and intense | 4698 (25.2) | 4752 (25.1) | ||
1
Ns are number of participants with the characteristics; percentages are based on number of participants for whom data are available.
2
Percentage of the total sample.