Table 3.
Outcomes in Metformin-treated vs. Non-metformin-treated HF patients with DM
| Metformin Treatment (n = 99) |
No Metformin Treatment (n = 302) |
P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| All-cause mortality | |||
| 1 y | |||
| Mortality (%) | 9 | 24 | .007 |
| Unadjusted HR (95% CI) | 0.37 (0.18–0.76) | 1.00 | .007 |
| Multivariate HR (95% CI) | 0.63 (0.21–1.89) | 1.0 | .40 |
| 2 y | |||
| Mortality (%) | 22 | 37 | .007 |
| Unadjusted HR (95% CI) | 0.51 (0.30–0.87) | 1.00 | .01 |
| Multivariate HR (95% CI) | 0.79 (0.36–1.71) | 1.00 | .54 |
| All-cause mortality/urgent heart transplant | |||
| 1 y | |||
| Mortality/urgent heart transplant (%) | 16 | 33 | .004 |
| Unadjusted HR (95% CI) | 0.43 (0.25–0.76) | 1.00 | .004 |
| Multivariate HR (95% CI) | 0.85 (0.38–1.92) | 1.00 | .70 |
| 2 y | |||
| Mortality/urgent heart transplant (%) | 28 | 46 | .002 |
| Unadjusted HR (95% CI) | 0.51 (0.32–0.79) | 1.00 | .001 |
| Multivariate HR (95% CI) | 0.80 (0.42–1.53) | 1.00 | .82 |
HF, heart failure; HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval.
Multivariate model adjusted for age, sex, left ventricular ejection fraction, renal function, body mass index, diabetes duration, hemoglobin, use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers, and use of β-blockers.