Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of SBP quartiles
| n | Total Cohort | SBP (mm Hg) |
p Value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ≤90 | 91–100 | 101–112 | ≥113 | ||||
| Ischemic cardiomyopathy | 2,178 | 47.3% | 48.0% | 46.1% | 47.4% | 47.7% | 0.932 |
| Demographics | |||||||
| Age | 2,178 | 52 ± 13 | 53 ± 13 | 51 ± 13 | 53 ± 13 | 53 ± 12 | 0.007 |
| Men | 2,178 | 75.5% | 75.0% | 75.0% | 76.5% | 75.6% | 0.934 |
| Black | 2,178 | 8.0% | 6.4% | 7.9% | 8.5% | 9.4% | 0.315 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 1,849 | 26.1 ± 6.3 | 25.1 ± 8.2 | 25.6 ± 5.4 | 26.2 ± 5.3 | 27.5 ± 5.6 | <0.001 |
| Cardiac risk factors | |||||||
| Diabetes mellitus | 1,824 | 28.3% | 24.8% | 24.9% | 27.9% | 35.3% | 0.001 |
| Hypertension | 1,830 | 41.8% | 31.5% | 34.5% | 45.8% | 54.4% | <0.001 |
| Tobacco use | 2,178 | 67.8% | 68.6% | 71.3% | 67.3% | 63.7% | 0.060 |
| Medications | |||||||
| β-Blocker use | 1,524 | 30.5% | 22.4% | 24.9% | 30.4% | 43.1% | <0.001 |
| Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker use | 1,545 | 82.7% | 78.7% | 81.5% | 84.4% | 85.4% | 0.065 |
| Statin use | 2,178 | 39.7% | 38.1% | 37.5% | 37.6% | 46.0% | 0.011 |
| Cardiac characteristics | |||||||
| NYHA class III or IV | 2,178 | 93.5% | 95.8% | 93.9% | 93.1% | 91.0% | 0.015 |
| LVEF (%) | 2,149 | 23.6 ± 9.0 | 21.6 ± 7.7 | 22.5 ± 8.9 | 24.1 ± 8.8 | 26.2 ± 9.8 | <0.001 |
| LVEF ≤40% | 2,149 | 95.9% | 98.5% | 96.2% | 95.8% | 93.0% | <0.001 |
| LV end diastolic diameter index (mm/cm2) | 1,597 | 37.1 ± 6.9 | 38.9 ± 6.9 | 37.5 ± 6.7 | 36.7 ± 6.8 | 35.0 ± 6.8 | <0.001 |
| Peak oxygen consumption (ml/kg/min) | 1,048 | 13.4 ± 4.7 | 12.5 ± 4.2 | 13.3 ± 4.7 | 13.7 ± 5.3 | 13.9 ± 4.3 | 0.008 |
| Hemodynamics | |||||||
| Heart rate (beats/min) | 2,057 | 87 ± 16 | 88 ± 16 | 88 ± 16 | 87 ± 16 | 86 ± 17 | 0.245 |
| SBP (mm Hg) | 2,178 | 103 ± 18 | 84 ± 6 | 97 ±3 | 107 ± 3 | 128 ± 14 | <0.001 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 2,178 | 59 ± 12.2 | 50 ± 9 | 56 ±9 | 61 ± 10 | 69 ± 12 | <0.001 |
| Cardiac output (L/min) | 2,019 | 4.7 ± 1.1 | 4.3 ±1.0 | 4.6 ±1.0 | 4.9 ± 1.1 | 5.2 ± 1.3 | <0.001 |
| Cardiac index (L/min/m2) | 1,886 | 2.6 ± 0.8 | 2.4 ± 0.6 | 2.6 ± 1.1 | 2.7 ± 0.6 | 2.8 ± 0.7 | <0.001 |
| Mean pulmonary artery pressure (mm Hg) | 1,902 | 25.9 ± 7.7 | 27.0 ± 7.3 | 26.2 ± 7.9 | 26.0 ± 7.8 | 24.3 ± 7.4 | <0.001 |
| Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (mm Hg) | 1,948 | 15.5 ± 5.9 | 16.6 ± 6.0 | 15.6 ± 5.7 | 15.6 ± 5.8 | 14.1 ± 5.6 | <0.001 |
| Systolic vascular resistance (dyn*s/cm5) | 1,989 | 1,169 ± 318 | 1,052 ± 293 | 1,127 ± 267 | 1,192 ± 300 | 1,322 ± 354 | <0.001 |
| Mean arterial pressure (mm Hg) | 2,178 | 74 ± 13 | 62 ± 7 | 70 ±6 | 76 ±7 | 89 ± 11 | <0.001 |
| Laboratory values | |||||||
| Total cholesterol (mg/dl) | 1,798 | 171 ± 56 | 159 ± 53 | 169 ± 57 | 170 ± 54 | 186 ± 58 | <0.001 |
| B-type natriuretic peptide (pg/ml) | 330 | 1,156 ± 1,109 | 1,299 ± 1,067 | 1,352 ± 1,156 | 1,135 ± 1,121 | 968 ± 1,083 | 0.092 |
| Creatinine (mg/dl) | 1,889 | 1.5 ± 1.0 | 1.5 ± 1.0 | 1.4 ± 0.7 | 1.5 ± 0.9 | 1.5 ± 1.3 | 0.514 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dl) | 1,831 | 13.3 ± 2.0 | 13.0 ± 2.0 | 13.4 ± 1.9 | 13.3 ± 2.0 | 13.5 ± 1.8 | 0.001 |
NYHA = New York Heart Association.