Table 3.
Relative rates of mortality for men with fathers of manual social class adjusted for socioeconomic indicators and other risk factors, with non-manual fathers’ social class as baseline. P values for trend given for test across the four social class groupings used in tables 1 and 2
| Cause of death and adjustment | Manual social class | P value for trend |
|---|---|---|
| All causes | ||
| Age | 1.44*** (1.27 to 1.63) | 0.0001 |
| Age, adult social class, deprivation category, car | 1.22** (1.06 to 1.39) | 0.024 |
| Age, adult social class, deprivation category, car, risk factors† | 1.19** (1.04 to 1.37) | 0.042 |
| Coronary heart disease | ||
| Age | 1.52*** (1.24 to 1.87) | 0.0003 |
| Age, adult social class, deprivation category, car | 1.28* (1.03 to 1.61) | 0.11 |
| Age, adult social class, deprivation category, car, risk factors† | 1.26* (1.01 to 1.58) | 0.12 |
| Stroke | ||
| Age | 1.83** (1.13 to 2.94) | 0.031 |
| Age, adult social class, deprivation category, car | 1.87* (1.12 to 3.12) | 0.049 |
| Age, adult social class, deprivation category, car, risk factors† | 1.74* (1.05 to 2.90) | 0.079 |
| Lung cancer | ||
| Age | 1.65** (1.12 to 2.43) | 0.045 |
| Age, adult social class, deprivation category, car | 1.23 (0.81 to 1.87) | 0.89 |
| Age, adult social class, deprivation category, car, risk factors‡ | 1.23 (0.81 to 1.88) | 0.84 |
| Stomach cancer | ||
| Age | 2.06 (0.93 to 4.57) | 0.011 |
| Age, adult social class, deprivation category, car | 2.03 (0.86 to 4.78) | 0.014 |
| Age, adult social class, deprivation category, car, risk factors‡ | 2.03 (0.86 to 4.78) | 0.012 |
| Other cancer | ||
| Age | 0.98 (0.74 to 1.28) | 0.78 |
| Age, adult social class, deprivation category, car | 0.92 (0.68 to 1.25) | 0.48 |
| Age, adult social class, deprivation category, car, risk factors‡ | 0.90 (0.67 to 1.23) | 0.43 |
| Respiratory disease | ||
| Age | 2.01** (1.17 to 3.48) | 0.008 |
| Age, adult social class, deprivation category, car | 1.53 (0.85 to 2.75) | 0.13 |
| Age, adult social class, deprivation category, car, risk factors‡ | 1.60 (0.88 to 2.90) | 0.12 |
| Accidents and violence | ||
| Age | 1.22 (0.63 to 2.38) | 0.47 |
| Age, adult social class, deprivation category, car | 0.68 (0.33 to 1.40) | 0.34 |
*
P<0.05. **P<0.01. ***P<0.001.
†
Adjusted for smoking, diastolic blood pressure, cholesterol, body mass index, and FEV1 score.
‡
Adjusted for smoking, body mass index, and FEV1 score.