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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Subst Abus. 2010 Jan;31(1):43–52. doi: 10.1080/08897070903442640

Table 1.

Sample demographics

Demographics Total In Treatment Out of Treatment
N 196 135 61
Male % 60 61 59
Ethnicity %
 African American 74 72.6 77.0
 Caucasian 25.5 26.7 23.0
 Native American .5 .7 0
Mean age (SD) 41.3 (8.0) 41.0 (8.0) 42.0 (7.9)
Heroin use (Lifetime)
N 196 135 61
 Mean number of years (SD) 12.6 (7.6) 12.1 (7.3) 13.7 (8.1)
Cocaine use (Lifetime)
N 151 95 56
 Mean number of years for those who used (SD) 11.08 (7.0) 10.5 (6.6) 12.1 (7.5)
Employment pattern past 3 years
 Employed % 51 49 51